HSC Section 3 - Trauma, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine

O

16. Murakami S. Bell palsy and Ramsay Hunt syndrome. In: Slattery WH, Azizzadeh B, editors. The facial nerve. New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.; 2014. p. 70–80 . 17. Schwaber MK, Larson TC 3rd, Zealear DL, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in Bell’s palsy. Laryngoscope 1990;100(12):1264–9 . 18. Engstrom M, Thuomas KA, Naeser P, et al. Facial nerve enhancement in Bell’s palsy demonstrated by different gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance im- aging techniques. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1993;119(2):221–5 . 19. Fisch U, Esslen E. Total intratemporal exposure of the facial nerve. Pathologic findings in Bell’s palsy. Arch Otolaryngol 1972;95(4):335–41 . 20. Jowett N, Gaudin RA, Banks CA, et al. Steroid use in Lyme disease-associated facial palsy is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Laryngoscope 2017; 127(6):1451–8 . 21. Sathirapanya P. Isolated and bilateral simultaneous facial palsy disclosing early human immunodeficiency virus infection. Singapore Med J 2015;56(6):e105–6 . 22. Komolafe MA, Fatusi OA, Alatise OI, et al. The role of human immunodeficiency virus infection in infranuclear facial paralysis. J Natl Med Assoc 2009;101(4): 361–6 . 23. Popovtzer A, Raveh E, Bahar G, et al. Facial palsy associated with acute otitis media. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2005;132(2):327–9 . 24. Ikeda M, Nakazato H, Onoda K, et al. Facial nerve paralysis caused by middle ear cholesteatoma and effects of surgical intervention. Acta Otolaryngol 2006; 126(1):95–100 . 25. Savic DL, Djeric DR. Facial paralysis in chronic suppurative otitis media. Clin Oto- laryngol Allied Sci 1989;14(6):515–7 . 26. Maniu A, Harabagiu O, Perde Schrepler M, et al. Molecular biology of cholestea- toma. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2014;55(1):7–13 . 27. Kuo CL. Etiopathogenesis of acquired cholesteatoma: prominent theories and recent advances in biomolecular research. Laryngoscope 2015;125(1):234–40 . 28. Vrabec JT, Isaacson B, Van Hook JW. Bell’s palsy and pregnancy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007;137(6):858–61 . 29. Phillips KM, Heiser A, Gaudin R, et al. Onset of Bell’s palsy in late pregnancy and early puerperium is associated with worse long-term outcomes. Laryngoscope 2017;127(12):2854–9 . 30. Hussain A, Nduka C, Moth P, et al. Bell’s facial nerve palsy in pregnancy: a clin- ical review. J Obstet Gynaecol 2017;37(4):409–15 . 31. Patel A, Groppo E. Management of temporal bone trauma. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2010;3(2):105–13 . 32. Gordin E, Lee TS, Ducic Y, et al. Facial nerve trauma: evaluation and consider- ations in management. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2015;8(1):1–13 . 33. Chang CY, Cass SP. Management of facial nerve injury due to temporal bone trauma. Am J Otol 1999;20(1):96–114 . 34. Falco NA, Eriksson E. Facial nerve palsy in the newborn: incidence and outcome. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990;85(1):1–4 . 35. Wakerley BR, Yuki N. Isolated facial diplegia in Guillain-Barre syndrome: bifacial weakness with paresthesias. Muscle Nerve 2015;52(6):927–32 . 36. Jasem J, Marof K, Nawar A, et al. Guillain-Barre´ syndrome as a cause of acute flaccid paralysis in Iraqi children: a result of 15 years of nation-wide study. BMC Neurol 2013;13:195 . 37. Ansar V, Valadi N. Guillain-Barre syndrome. Prim Care 2015;42(2):189–93 .

63