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Wise et al.

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TABLE IX.D.2-1.

Modified allergen immunotherapy constructs *

Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript

Injectable immunotherapy approaches Recombinant allergens (SQ) Peptide constructs (ID) Chemical modifications (SQ) Alum salts (SQ) Allergoids/polymerized allergens Adjuvant constructs (SQ; IM) DNA vaccines TLR-9 (CpG oligonucleotides) (SQ) Linked to allergen; co-combined Nanoparticle-based VLPs TLR-4 (MPL) (SQ) * Modified and used with permission; from: Creticos PS. Allergen immunotherapy: vaccine modification. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am . 2016;36:103-124. CpG = cytosine phosphorylated to guanine; ID = intradermal; IM = intramuscular; MPL = monophosphoryl lipid A; SQ = subcutaneous; TLR = toll-like receptor; VLP = viral-like particles.

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 June 10.