FLEX February 2024

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 166 (2023) 111469

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijporl

International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group: Consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of non-tuberculous mycobacterial cervicofacial lymphadenitis Catherine F. Roy a , Karthik Balakrishnan b , An Boudewyns c , Alan Cheng d , Robert H. Chun e , Sam J. Daniel a , Pierre Fayoux f , Catherine Hart g , Ann Hemansson h , Richard Hewitt i , Wei-Chung Hsu j , Michael Kuo k , Christopher Liu l , John Maddalozzo m , Anna H Messner n , Seth Pransky o , Reza Rahbar p , Scott Rickert q , Soham Roy r , John Russell s , Michael J. Rutter g , Kathleen C.Y. Sie t , Douglas Sidell b , Richard Smith u , Marlene Soma v , Jorge Spratley w , Karen Watters o , David R. White x , Nikolaus Wolter y , George Zalzal z , Jeffrey C. Yeung a , * a Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada b Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Lucile Packard Children ’ s Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA c Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Belgium d Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, The Sydney Children ’ s Hospital Network-Westmead Campus, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia e Department of Otolaryngology, Children ’ s Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA f Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Lille, F-59000, Lille, France g Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children ’ s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA h Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden i Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK j Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Children ’ s Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan k Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Birmingham Children ’ s Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom l Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA m Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Lurie Children ’ s Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA n Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children ’ s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA o Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children ’ s Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA p Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children ’ s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA q Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Hassenfeld Children ’ s Hospital, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA r Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children ’ s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA s Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Children ’ s Health Ireland (Crumlin), Dublin, Ireland t Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle Children ’ s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, USA u Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA v Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, Sydney Children ’ s Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia w Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, S. Joao Hospital Center, CINTESIS, Porto, Portugal x Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, MUSC Shawn Jenkins Children ’ s Hospital, Charleston, SC, USA y Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada z Division of Otolaryngology, Children ’ s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA

ARTICLE INFO Keywords: Atypical mycobacteria Cervical lymphadenitis Consensus recommendations Non-tuberculous mycobacteria

A B S T R A C T Introduction: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection commonly manifests as subacute or chronic cer vicofacial lymphadenitis in immunocompetent children. The optimal management of this pathology remains controversial. Objectives: This international consensus guideline aims to understand the practice patterns for NTM cervicofacial lymphadenitis and to address the primary diagnostic and management challenges.

* Corresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, H4A 3J1, QC, Canada. E-mail address: Jeffrey.yeung@mcgill.ca (J.C. Yeung).

Available online 2 February 2023 0165-5876/Crown Copyright © 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111469 Received 27 December 2022; Received in revised form 23 January 2023; Accepted 30 January 2023

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