2017-18 HSC Section 3 Green Book

D. Management of burns to the head and neck Clayton NA, Ward EC, Maitz PK. Intensive swallowing and orofacial contracture rehabilitation after severe burn: a pilot study and literature review. Burns . 2017; 43(1):e7-e17. EBM level 4......................................................................................225-235 Summary : This article reviews two patients who underwent a new protocol to reduce dysphagia and orofacial contracture after head and neck burns. They underwent intensive treatment therapy including scar stretching, splinting, and pharyngeal swallow tasks. Outcomes showed improvement after therapy. Hogg G, Goswamy J, Khwaja S, Khwaja N. Laryngeal trauma following an inhalation injury: a review and case report. J Voice . 2017; 31(3):388.e27-388.e31. EBM level 5.......................................................................................................................236-240 Summary : This article discusses a care report of inhalation injury and does a thorough review of literature on management of inhalational injuries. The management discussed includes initial clinical evaluation, initial surgical management, and long-term airway management of scarring and/or stenosis which occurs after injury. Umstattd LA, Chang CW. Pediatric oral electrical burns: incidence of emergency department visits in the United States, 1997-2012. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 2016; 155(1):94-98. EBM level 4......................................................................................241-245 Summary : This article is a retrospective look at presentation and causes of pediatric electrical burns over a 15-year period in the United States. From 1997 to 2012, there were an average of approximately 65.1 electrical burn emergency department visits per year. Nearly half of these patients were <3 years of age, and more than three-fourths were <5 years of age. Only 19.2% were admitted to the hospital. Most injuries involved electrical outlets or receptacles (10.8%), extension cords (18.5%), and electrical wires (21.5%). E. Perioperative pain control (narcotic and nonnarcotic therapies) Boselli E, Bouvet L, Augris-Mathieu C, et al. Infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks combined with general anaesthesia for outpatient rhinoseptoplasty: a prospective randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med . 2016; 35(1):31-36. EBM level 2........................................................................................246-251 Summary : This article presents a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial in which 40 adult patients undergoing outpatient rhinoseptoplasty under general anesthesia were assigned to receive bilateral infraorbital and infratrochlear nerve blocks with either 10 mL of 0.25% levobupivacaine (Group LB) or isotonic saline (control group). The primary endpoint was total perioperative morphine consumption (intraoperative and in the post-anaesthesia care unit). The secondary endpoints were pain scores, time spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and the outpatient ward, block-related complications, and patient satisfaction. The total dose of perioperative morphine was lower in Group LB than in the control group. The mean times spent in the post-anaesthesia care unit and in the outpatient ward were lower in Group LB than in the control group. There were no differences between groups for other endpoints.