xRead - An Update on Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer (November 2025)

The new england journal of medicine

A Overall Survival among Patients Alive and Progression-free at 3 Yr

5-Yr Estimate (95% CI)

10-Yr Estimate (95% CI)

95 (88–98) 96 (88–99)

86 (77–91) 85 (74–92)

Nivolumab

100 80 90 70 60

Median Overall Survival (95% CI)

No. of Patients with Event

Nivolumab+ Ipilimumab

90 (66–97)

Ipilimumab

79 (54–92)

NR NR NR mo

40 30 50 20

Nivo+Ipi (N=100) Nivolumab (N=78) Ipilimumab (N=21)

14 10 4

Percentage of Patients 10

0

0 36

42

48 54

60

66

72

78

84

90

96

102

108

114

120

126

132

Months

Nivo+ipi Nivolumab Ipilimumab. No. at Risk

314 316 315

100 78 21

97 78 21

96 77 20

95 75 19

94 74 18

93 74 17

91 72 17

89 70 17

85 65 17

80 61 15

80 58 15

77 57 15

76 56 15

75 53 14

61 47 10

6 1 0

0 0 0

B Melanoma-Specific Survival among Patients Alive and Progression-free at 3 Yr

5-Yr Estimate (95% CI) 98 (92–99) 99 (91–100)

10-Yr Estimate (95% CI)

96 (89–98) 97 (89–99)

Nivolumab

100 80 90 70 60

Median Melanoma

Nivolumab+ Ipilimumab

Ipilimumab

95 (68–99)

No. of Patients with Event

88 (61–97)

Specific Survival (95% CI)

NR NR NR mo

40 30 50 20

Nivo+Ipi (N=100) Nivolumab (N=78) Ipilimumab (N=21)

4 2 2

Percentage of Patients 10

0

0 36

42

48 54 60 66 72 78 84

96 90 102 108 114 120 126

132

Months

Nivo+ipi Nivolumab Ipilimumab No. at Risk

314 316 315

100 78 21

97 78 21

96 77 20

95 75 19

94 74 18

93 74 17

91 72 17

89 70 17

85 65 17

80 61 15

80 58 15

77 57 15

76 56 15

75 53 14

61 47 10

6 1 0

0 0 0

Figure 4. Overall Survival and Melanoma-Specific Survival among Patients Alive and Progression-free at 3 Years. Panels A and B show Kaplan–Meier estimates of overall survival and melanoma-specific survival, respectively, in the intention-to-treat population among patients who had been alive and progression-free at 3 years. Melanoma-specific survival was an exploratory end point. Symbols (tick marks, triangles, and circles) indicate censored data. Dashed lines indicate the minimum follow-up for the estimate. The widths of the confidence intervals have not been adjust ed for multiplicity and should not be used in place of hypothesis testing.

56% with nivolumab plus ipilimumab, 46% with nivolumab, and 27% with ipilimumab.

the nivolumab group (45%) than in the ipilimu mab group (19%) (Table S10). The percentage of patients who had a confirmed objective response was also higher in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimu mab group (50%) and in the nivolumab group (42%) than in the ipilimumab group (15%). The median duration of response was more than

Response The percentage of patients who had an uncon firmed objective response was higher in the nivolumab-plus-ipilimumab group (58%) and in

18

n engl j med 392;1 nejm.org January 2, 2025

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