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KUANetal.

TABLE X.2 Evidence surrounding open versus endoscopic approach for olfactory neuroblastoma.

Clinical endpoints

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusion

1. GTRrate 2. CSF leak rate

1. Similar rates of GTR and CSF leak between open and EEA 2. Selection of surgical approach for ONB is influenced by the extent of disease 3. Kadish A/B lesions are more commonly treated with EEA 1. EEA associated with improved OSandDSS 2. EEA have comparable control rates to open approaches 3. Open approaches have greater risks of intracranial and total complications, but similar rates of CSF leak rates In well-selected cases, CN and EEA have similar or better GTR, negative margin rates, and lower recurrence rates compared to open approaches 2. EEA are valid treatment options with comparable to survival to open approaches No significant difference between open and EEA in PFS, OS, and LRC DFS was not significantly different between surgical approach 1. No surgical complications or recurrent disease was observed in the EEA or open medial maxillectomy cohorts 2. Surgical complications and recurrence were higher in the open approach group 1. OS was greater for EEA

Morgenstern et al. 256

2019 2

Systematic review

EEA TCA Number of studies or cases was not given

Fuet al. 258

2016 2

Systematic

609 ONB patients from 36 studies

1. OS 2. DSS 3. LRC 4. Complications

reviewand meta analysis

Komotar et al. 257

1. GTR 2. Margins 3. Complications 4. Recurrence

2013 2

Systematic review

453 patients CFR( n = 134) EEA( n = 54) CN( n = 12)

Devaiah and Andreoli 255

2009 2

Systematic

361 patients from 23 studies Open ( n = 214) EEA( n = 40) Endoscopic-assisted ( n = 57)

OS

reviewand meta analysis

Kimet al. 253

1. PFS 2. OS 3. LRC

2019 3

Retrospective cohort

28 ONB patients CFR( n = 14) EEA( n = 14) 35 ONB patients Open ( n = 11) EEA( n = 24)

Mays et al. 252

2018 3

Retrospective cohort

DFS

1. Complications 2. Recurrence

Petruzzelli et al. 251

2015 3

Retrospective cohort

31 ONB patients CFR( n = 20) EEA( n = 9) Maxillectomy ( n = 2)

Tajudeen et al. 249

2015 3

Retrospective cohort

36 ONB patients Transfacial approach without craniotomy ( n = 20)

1. OS 2. RFS 3. Complications 4. LOS

1. Comparable survival and

complication rates among all approaches

2. Decreased LOS in EEA

EEA( n = 8) CFR( n = 8)

Rimmer et al. 246 2014 3

1. OS 2. DFS

OS and DFS were improved in EEA group, but this group also was less likely to have advanced disease or orbital/dural involvement (Continues)

Retrospective cohort

95 ONB patients CFR( n = 65) EEA( n = 30)