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ICAR SINONASAL TUMORS

TABLE XVIII.2 Evidence surrounding surgical management of congenital midline nasal masses (CMNMs).

Clinical endpoints Outcomes of open versus endoscopic repair of congenital anterior encephaloce les Feasibility of endoscopic repair of congenital encephaloce les out outcomes Feasibility of endoscopic

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusions

1. Endoscopic procedures had a lower number of complications per operation compared with open procedures 2. Decreased mortality, length of stay, and duration of follow-up with endoscopic resection compared to open approaches Successful and safe repair of encephaloceles in children using endoscopic techniques

Thompson et al. 903

2020 2

Systematic review

Patients with anterior encephaloceles (222 and 127 patients undergoing open and endoscopic resection, respectively) over last 50 years across 153 studies ( n = 349)

Thompson et al. 904

2020 4

Retrospective case series

Children with congenital

encephaloceles treated using endoscopic techniques ( n = 15)

Keshri et al. 907

1. Endoscopic repair in pediatric patients decreases hospital stay and cost of treatment 2. Successful use of gasket-seal technique in skull base repair for CMNM postresection defects

2016 4

Retrospective case series

Consecutive patients below 12 years of age with intranasal meningoencephalo cele treated by endonasal endoscopic approach between 2013 and 2014 ( n = 6) Children (mean age 6 years old) with encephaloceles and CSF leaks between 1992 and 2003 ( n = 8)

repair in pediatric patients, lengthof hospital stays, andcost

Woodworth et al. 900

2004 4

Retrospective case series

Feasibility and outcomes of endoscopic

Endoscopic repair is a successful alternative to traditional craniotomy approaches, with less morbidity

encephalocele repair compared to

traditional craniotomy approaches

Rahbar et al. 883

1. Majority (81%) underwent extracranial resection, 19% underwent combined intracranial–extracranial excision 2. Overall, 7-year recurrence rate was low (12%) 1. Early surgical intervention associated with improved prognosis 2. High rate of other intracranial

1. Presentation of nasal dermoids 2. Surgical management 3. 7-year recurrence rate

2003 4

Retrospective case series

Children with nasal dermoids, single institution, 30-year cohort ( n = 42)

Turgut et al. 891

1995 4

Retrospective case series

Patients with

Assess

congenital nasal encephaloceles repaired with frontal craniotomy approach, 20-year cohort at a single institution ( n = 35)

frequently of other intracranial anomalies and timingof surgical intervention

pathologies, most common being hydrocephalus (20%)

(Continues)