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323

ICAR SINONASAL TUMORS

TABLE XXVI.3 (Continued)

Clinical endpoints

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusion

Aviles et al. 1904

1. OS 2. DFS

1. Complete response achieved in 99 patients (91.7%) with treatment 2. 8-year OS 82%, 90%, and 84% and DFS 79%, 83%, and 80% 3. No prognostic factors were found to be significant

2000 4

Retrospective case series

108 patients with

ENKTL treated with 45 Gy RT followed by combination chemotherapy— cyclophosphamide, prednisone, and bleomycin (given every 21 days for six cycles)—at a single institution 13 patients treated at a single institution ENKTL treated at a single institution, all received RT and 14 also underwent chemotherapy (VEPA before RT in the majority of patients) Eight cases of ENKTL treated at a single epirubicin, vincristine, 16 patients with

Rodriguez et al. 1905

2000 4

Retrospective case series

OS

1. OS 38% at 9 years, one patient alive with disease 2. Response to doxorubicin-based therapeutics is worse than other non-Hodgkin lymphomas

Sakata et al. 1906

OS

1. 5-year OS was 22% 2. Authors suggest a more

1997 4

Retrospective case series

aggressive treatment regimen including > 50GyRT

Senan et al. 1907

1992 4

Retrospective case series

OS

1. Six remained alive (at undesignated time point), two died of unrelated causes, four required chemotherapy for salvage (OS 75%) 2. No recommendation given based on small number 1. ENKTL is resistant to anthracycline-based chemotherapeutics 2. l-Asparaginase therapy with or without RT shows promise 3. Future directions include

institution with 45–50 Gy RT and alkylating agents (unspeci fied)/prednisolone for relapse

Yi et al. 1848

2022 N/A Nonsystematic review

N/A

N/A

immune-checkpoint inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies Abbreviations: CRT, chemoradiation therapy; DFS, disease-free survival; DSS, disease-specific survival; ENKTL, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma; NCDB, National Cancer DataBase; OS, overall survival; SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.