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KUANetal.

TABLE XXX.1 (Continued)

Clinical endpoints Develop and validatea

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusion

Gil et al. 2068

A 35-question ASBQ with six QOL domains was developed with good internal reliability and test–retest reliability

2004 3

Cross-sectional study

Patients surgically treated for anterior skull base tumors ( n = 35) ∙ Meningioma ( n = 9) ∙ Mucocele ( n = 7) ∙ IP ( n = 3) ∙ Osteoma ( n = 2) ∙ SCC( n = 2) ∙ ONB( n = 2) ∙ ACC( n = 1) ∙ Adenocarcinoma,

cancer specific multidimen sional instrument for QOL assessment in patients undergoing open anterior skull base surgery

sarcoma, menin goencephalocele,

melanoma, malignant

schwannoma, plasmacytoma,

fibrous dysplasia, epidermoid cyst, angiofibroma ( n = 1 each)

Chie et al. 2078

2003 3

Prospective cohort

Taiwanese patients withNPC( n = 100) ∙ 50 NPC patients under active treatment ∙ 50 NPC patients under follow-up

Validation of the Taiwan Chinese

The Taiwan Chinese version of the EORTC-QLQ-C30 and the EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 had moderate to high test–retest reliability and high internal consistency in most scales and could show expected differences between patients in active treatment and follow-up group The QOL-NPC was created, but did not undergo reliability or validity testing

version of the EORTC-QLQ C30) and the EORTC QLQ-H&N35

Guet al. 2077

2009 4

Prospective cohort

Chinese patients with NPC( n = 433)

Developa

QOL-NPC scale in the Chinese population

Abbreviations: AcroQOL, Acromegaly QOL; AddiQOL, Addison’s disease QOL; ASB-QOL, Anterior Skull Base QOL; ASBQ, Anterior Skull Base Questionnaire; EES-Q, Endoscopic Endonasal Sinus and Skull Base Surgery Questionnaire; EORTC-QLQ-C30, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core QOL Questionnaire; EORTC-QLQ-H&N35, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire in Head and Neck Cancer; EQ-5D, European Quality-of-life-5 Dimension; FACT-NP, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Nasopharyngeal; HDQOL, Hormone Deficiency-Dependent Quality of Life; LORQv3, Liverpool Oral Rehabilitation Questionnaire version 3; MDS, Princess Margaret Hospital Midface Dysfunction Scale; QLS-H, Quality of Life Satisfaction Hypopituitarism; QOL-AGHDA, QOL for Growth Hormone Deficiency; QOL-NPC, QOL for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; QOL-RTI/H&N, Quality of life Radiation Therapy Instrument for Head and Neck; SBI, Skull Base Inventory.

1.11. 2089 Postoperatively, a significant reduction in over all mean SNOT-20 scores was identified at both 3 ( − 0.43; p = 0.005) and 6 ( − 0.53; p = 0.002) months. The same group in 2015 reported 2-year follow-up data among a group of 32 patients with IP who underwent minimally invasive endoscopic tumor resection. 4 The mean preoper ative SNOT-20 of this cohort was 1.04, and, similar to the prior study, at 6 months there was a significant reduction in overall SNOT-20 scores ( − 0.51; p = 0.01). Despite overall SNOT-20 scores being reduced at the 1- and 2-year follow

ups, this failed to reach statistical significance. The authors attribute this finding to patient dropout at these latter time points. Glicksman et al. prospectively enrolled patients with benign sinonasal tumors and reported QOL data in 81 patients. 2093 Most tumors were IP, similar to prior stud ies. Average baseline total SNOT-22 was 25.9 and decreased significantly to 15.7, 11.4, 12.8, and 12.9 at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Among all of these studies, rhi nologic and sleep subdomain scores contributed the most