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TABLE X-9 Evidence for superantigens as a contributing factor for CRSwNP Study Year LOE Study Design Study Groups Clinical Endpoint Conclusions Ou 1445 2014 1 Meta-analysis of the relationship of S. aureus superantigens and CRSwNP 340CRSwNP 178 Control SA-culture positive rate, SA superantigen detection, and SA specific IgE CRSwNP have an almost 5-fold higher culture positive rate than controls. CRSwNP subjects have a 12-fold higher rate of SE presence and a 17 fold higher rate of specific IgE presence. Rha 1430 2020 3 Cross-sectional study of tissue samples from CRSwNP, CRSsNP, and control subjects for SE genes and T-cell phenotypes 20CRSwNP 20CRSsNP 23Control S. aureus enterotoxin superantigen responsive CD4 T cells, Lund-Mackay score The fraction of S. aureus enterotoxin superantigen-responsive CD4 T cells is 55CRSwNP 9Control S. aureus colonization rate, ECPand IgE present in

63.6% of CRSwNP subjects were colonized with S. aureus, compared to 33.3% of CRS and 27.3% of control subjects.

increased in CRSwNP, compared to CRSsNP and control subjects. Quanitity of SE-responsive CD4 T cells is predictive of Lund-Mackay score.

Subjects with NP and asthma formed IgE to SE’s at a high rate.

ECP and total IgE production significantly upregulated in NPs compared with controls andCRS.

mucosal tissue

samples from control, CRSsNP, and CRSwNP subjects for S. aureus colonization rates and specific enterotoxin IgE

VanZele 1456 2014 3 Cross-sectional study of tissue