xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

20426984, 2022, 4, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alr.22929, Wiley Online Library on [04/09/2023]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License

501

PATEL et al.

TABLE VIII.6 Very brief screening tests (administration times < 5 minutes*) Test name and author/s Test type No. of odors or items Reliability coefficient Commercial availability

Comments

Le Nez du Vin

ID

6

NR

No

Six odorants selected from wine-tasting kit Not sensitive to smoking or sex Did differentiate between complainers and noncomplainers of smell dysfunction 0.79 correlation reported with UPSIT R scores, but spurious as a result of score distributions Based on detecting alcohol pads at measured distances from nose Potential confound from trigeminal stimulation Uses ruler and alcohol wipes that are commercially available Screening test based on spraying smell solutions into the oral cavity for retronasal evaluation and orthonasal comparisons with bottled solutions No normative data Normosmics outperformed hyposmics and anosmics Selected 12 odors from 16 on the basis of being correctly identified by 70% of > 1000 patients Statistically differentiated between normosmics, hyposmics, and anosmics but significant overlap between hyposmics and the other two groups Scoreof ≤ 6 highly suggestive of some OD May take > 4minutes A very rapid 4-alternative forced-choice screening test Has been employed in a number of research studies and has been found to differentiate between AD and major affective disorder (depression) Rated intensity of 3 concentrations of vanilla and lemon aromas on a 9-point intensity scale These ratings, unlike B-SIT and ETOC odor detection scores, did not differentiate between normosmic and hyposmic groups, but did differentiate anosmics from normosmics Ratings fell on a different principal component than the other two, as observed by others 1679

McMahon and Scadding, 1996 1127

Alcohol Sniff Test Davidson et al, 1997 1128,1129

DT

1

0.80

No

Kremer Olfactory Test Kremer et al, 1998 1130

ID

6

NR

No

Four-Minute Odor

ID

12

0.78

Yes

Identification Test

Hummel et al, 2001 1131

3-Item Pocket Smell Test (PST) Duff et al, 2002 1132

ID

3

NR

Yes

Suprathreshold Intensity Ratings Koskinen et al, 2004 1133

IR

2 3 concentra

NR

No

tions each

(Continues)