xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS ON OLFACTION

TABLE IX-22 Section evidence summary: Treatment of other underlying endocrine diseases

Clinical end point

Study

Year LOE Disease

Study design

Study groups 111 patients with DM

Conclusions Presence of

Weinstock et al 1490

1993 3

DM

Cohort

Odorant confusion matrix

macrovascular disease in patients with DM was found to be associated withOD neuropathic pain in DM was found to be associated with OD Olfactory essence test score of the probable dementia group with type 2 DMwas significantly lower than other groups cognitive test scores different in DM and pre-DM groups association between OD and specific memory Presence of Olfactory and There is a strong impairment in a population with pre-DM and DM gustatory functions scores did not decrease in noncomplicated type 1DM Olfactory and

Brady

2013 2

DM

Double-blinded, placebo

74 patients, 19 healthy with DM

SS-TDI

et al 470

controlled crossover

Sanke

2014 3

DM

Cohort

250 patients with DM

Olfactory and cognitive functions: Open Essence test MMSE

et al 1302

Yulug

2020 2

DM

Double-blinded, placebo controlled, crossover

46 patients, 16

Olfactory and cognitive functions

et al 1491

prediabetic, 15 type 2DM

SS-TDI MMSE

Altundag et al 1492

Olfactory and gustatory functions: SS-TDI Taste strips

70 patients, 31 HCs, 39 non complicated type 1DM

2017 2

Type 1 DM Double-blinded, placebo

controlled crossover

Gouveri

2014 2

Type 2 DM Double-blinded, placebo

154 patients, 119 type 2DM

SS-TDI

Diabetic

et al 1491

complications were associated with OD

controlled crossover

Veyseller et al 1494

2016 4

Type 2 DM Cohort

62 patients, 30 HCs

CCCRC olfactory test

Diabetic neuropathy leads to diabethic olfactopathy Hyperbaric oxygen treatment can be used in diabetic olfactopathy

McConnell et al 464

1975 4

Case series

18 hypothyroid patients

Olfactory and taste functions (taste solutions, pyridine nitrobenzene for OFs)

Untreated

hypothyroidism leads to olfactory and gustatory dysfunction reversible with thyroid hormone replacement

Hypothyroidism

(Continues)