xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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379

PATEL et al.

TABLE VII.7b Section evidence summary: Related to medications Study Year LOE Study design Study groups

Clinical end point

Conclusions

Tetrahydrocannabinol was associated with increased threshold and reduced discrimination scores Reduced discrimination and increased threshold following administration of 100 mg of sildenafil compared with other groups No difference in TDI scores among groups

SS-TDI orthonasal testing at baseline and 2 hours after tetrahydrocannabinol administration SS-TDI and component scores

Healthy patients (n = 15) Placebo 20-mgoral tetrahydrocannabinol Healthy patients (n = 20) following oral administration of 50 mg of sildenafil, 100 mg of sildenafil, or placebo

Walter

2014 2

Randomized, placebo controlled, crossover Double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover

et al 362

Gudziol

2006 2

et al 364

Jung

Korean version of SS-TDI at baseline and 15 minutes postadministration SS-TDI at baseline and immediately after infusion completion

2011

2

Double-blind RCT Healthy patients (n = 72) Placebo Phenylephrine Lidocaine Both agents

et al 371

Lötsch

2001

3

Randomized placebo controlled

Healthy patients (n = 13) with plasma concentrations of remifentanil (0, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3, 3.6, 4.8, and 6ng/mL) Chemotherapy for breast or gynecologic malignancy (n = 87)

Increased threshold scores only with increasing doses of remifentanil

et al 363

Chemotherapy has a transient effect on OF TDI was significantly impaired during therapy with near-complete recovery at 3 months Older patients were more affected than younger patients Impaired threshold and identification in all patients Intranasal zinc–induced anosmia syndrome can be distinguished from

Steinbach et al 365

SS-TDI before, during, directly after, and 3 months following chemotherapy

2009 3

Prospective cohort study

Alexander et al 377

2006 4

Retrospective case series

Anosmia after intranasal zinc usage (n = 17)

n-Butanol threshold Identification testing with 7 common odorants and 1 odorant to test trigeminal function UPSIT R (for 9 patients) Clinical history

postviral anosmia based on history

Davidson et al 378

Anosmia after intranasal zinc usage (n = 25)

Bradford Hill 9 criteria

Clinical, biological, and experimental data support Bradford Hill

2010 4

Retrospective case series, causality analysis

criteria to show intranasal zinc gluconate causes dysomia

Hari

2018

4

Prospective case series

Healthy patients (n = 6) given topical spray of 4% lidocaine

Threshold testing using amyl acetate

Transient increase in olfactory threshold

et al 372

that could be overcome by increased stimulus and return to normal threshold within 30 minutes

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