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Wise et al.

Page 395

tIgE, sIgE, sIgG, cytokines Probiotic decreased Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-6), sIgE, IFN- γ , and increased sIgG.

Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript

Study Year LOE Study design Study groups Clinical endpoint Conclusion Nishimura et al. 1444 2009 1b DBRCT PAR to HDM, adults (n = 45). Disease severity, TNSS, tIgE, sIgE Subjective symptoms No benefit.

Probiotic improved TNSS at high dose.

RQLQ, sIgE Probiotic improved QOL when pollen scattering low.

Probiotic decreased annual rhinitis episodes.

Symptom-medication score No benefit.

Subjective symptoms Probiotic reduced throat and ocular symptoms.

Subjective symptoms Probiotic decreased ocular symptoms.

Subjective symptoms Probiotic improved rhinorrhea, congestion, composite scores.

RTSS, medication use Probiotic reduced medication use. Symptom-medication score, tIgE, sIgE

Probiotic improved nasal symptom-medication scores.

Modified PRQLQ Probiotic improved PRQLQ (frequency, level of bother).

Modified PRQLQ Probiotic improved PRQLQ (frequency, level of bother). Subjective symptoms Probiotic decreased nasal symptoms. No benefit.

Time free of asthma/rhinitis, number of episodes of rhinitis, tIgE

RTSS; nose, eye, lung symptoms

Tetragenococcus halophilus Th221 × 8 weeks Ouwehand et al. 1433 2009 1b DBRCT SAR to birch, children (n = 47). Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis B1-04 × 4 months Yonekura et al. 1435 2009 1b DBRCT SAR to JCP, adults (n = 116). Lactobacillus paracasei KW3110 × 3 weeks Ivory et al. 1440 2008 1b DBRCT SAR to grass pollen, adults (n = 20). Lactobacillus casei × 5 months Giovannini et al. 1428 2007 1b DBRCT SAR and PAR, children (n = 187). Lactobacillus casei × 12 months Tamura et al. 1429 2007 1b DBRCT SAR to JCP, adults (n = 120). Lactobacillus casei Shirota × 8 weeks Xiao et al. 1061 2007 1b Randomized crossover SAR to JCP, adults (n = 24). Bifidobacterium longum BB536 × 4 weeks Xiao et al. 1442 2006 1b DBRCT SAR to JCP, adults (n = 40). Bifidobacterium longum BB536 × 14 weeks

Xiao et al. 1443 2006 1b DBRCT SAR to JCP, adults (n = 44). Bifidobacterium longum BB536 × 13 weeks Ciprandi et al. 1446 2005 1b DBRCT SAR, children (n = 20). Bacillus clausii × 3 weeks

Ishida et al. 1436 2005 1b DBRCT PAR to HDM, adults (n = 49). Lactobacillus acidophilus L-92 × 8 weeks

Aldinucci et al. 1437 2002 1b DBRCT SAR and PAR, adults (n = 20). Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium × 4 months

Helin et al. 1430 2002 1b DBRCT SAR to birch, adults and children (n = 36). Lactobacillus rhamnosus × 5.5 months

Peng & Hsu 1424 2005 1b DBRCT PAR to HDM, children (n = 90). Lactobacillus paracasei × 30 days

Wang et al. 1423 2004 1b DBRCT PAR to HDM, children (n = 90). Lactobacillus paracasei -33 × 30 days

DBRCT = double-blind randomized controlled trial; HDM = house dust mite; IFN = interferon; IL = interleukin; JCP = Japanese cedar pollen; LOE = level of evidence; PAR = perennial allergic rhinitis; PRQLQ = Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire; QOL = quality of life; RQLQ = Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire; RTSS = Rhinitis Total Symptom Score; SAR = seasonal allergic rhinitis; sIgE = antigen-specific immunoglobulin E; sIgG = antigen-specific immunoglobulin G; SR = systematic review; tIgE = total immunoglobulin E; TNSS = Total Nasal Symptom Score; TOSS = Total Ocular Symptom Score.

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 June 10.