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102

KUANetal.

TABLE XII.1 (Continued)

Clinical endpoints

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusions

Rutter et al. 406

Survival

Four out of five (80%) patients with PM developed recurrence versus four out of 14 (20%) with NM, p = 0.11 1. NM was of no obvious benefit on LR 2. > 50% of patients with NM still experienced LR 1. Nine out of 15 patients with NM had long-term survival versus two out of four with PM 2. A trend toward improved prognosis is associated with NM 1. PM was not found to be a significant predictor of survival 2. 5-year survival and median survival were higher in NM group 3. PM more likely to have higher stage of malignancy 4. Adjuvant RT was associated with improved survival in patients with NM

1998 4

Retrospective case series

Patients who

underwent CFR of ASBM with PM ( n = 5) versus NM ( n = 14)

Spiro et al. 407

1995 4

Retrospective Retrospective case series

Patients with NSCCSM ( n = 110)

LR

Kraus et al. 404

Long-term survival

1992 4

Retrospective case series

Patients with primary ethmoid sinus malignancies with PM( n = 4) versus NM( n = 15)

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Auger et al. 411 2020 4

OS

Patients with MEC withPM( n = 55)

Retrospective database review (NCDB)

versusNM( n = 114)

Olfactory neuroblastoma Harvey et al. 243

DFS

MS was a major predictor of survival for the whole group

2017 3

Retrospective cohort

Patients with ONB

treated with either EEA( n = 67; PM = 8,NM = 59) or OR( n = 42; PM = 20,NM = 22)

Abdelmeguid et al. 412

2022 4

Retrospective case series

Patients with ONB withPM( n = 14) versusNM( n = 76) Patients in the NCDB with ONB treated with either EEA ( n = 257; PM = 53, NM = 130) orOR ( n = 276; PM = 59, NM = 123) Patients with ONB withPM( n = 50) versusNM( n = 38)

1. OS 2. DSS

MS was not significantly associated with OS or DSS

5-yearOS

PM conferred increased risk of mortality

Barinsky et al. 254

2021

4

Retrospective database review (NCDB)

Sunet al. 396

2020 4

Retrospective case series

1. 5-year OS 2. LRC 3. DMFS

1. Orbital invasion and intracranial invasion were associated with PM 2. MS did not impact 5-year OS, LRC, or DMFS PM associated with treatment at community hospital, increasing T stage, and positive nodal metastasis (Continues)

Joshi et al. 413

Factors

Patients in the NCDB with ONB with PM ( n = 107) versus NM ( n = 273)

2019 4

Retrospective database review (NCDB)

associated withPM