xRead - Nasal Obstruction (September 2024) Full Articles

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KUANetal.

TABLE XXIV.B.1 (Continued)

Clinical endpoints

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusion

OS

Comparable outcomes with endoscopic versus open resection

Revenaugh et al. 1453

2011

4

Retrospective case series

Sx + CRT(4), CRT (4), IC + Sx + CRT(4), Sx + RT(1), RT (1) Sx + CRT(6), Sx + RT (5), CRT (5), RT (5) Sx + RT (9), RT (5), Sx (1) Sx + RT or CRT (17), IC + Sx (2), CRT (2)

Linet al. 1454

2010 4

Retrospective case series Retrospective case series Retrospective case series

OS

Trend toward better OS with chemoradiation Supports surgery with RT

Tanzler et al. 1411

2008 4

OS

Chenet al. 1406 Importance of gross total resection in outcomes Abbreviations: CRT, chemoradiation therapy; DFS, disease-free survival; LRFS, locoregional failure/recurrence-free survival; OS, overall survival; RFS, recurrence free survival; RT, radiation therapy; Sx, surgical therapy. 2008 4 OS

TABLE XXIV.B.2 Evidence surrounding management of sinonasal NUT carcinoma.

Clinical endpoints

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusion

Chauet al. 1420

OS

OS 9.7 months, DFS 6.6 months, trimodal treatment outcomes better NUT make up 1.1% of poorly differentiated sinonasal carcinomas

2016 3

Retrospective cohort

Sx + RT or CRT (22), C ± Sx or RT (11), CRT(6) Sx + RT (1), CRT (1), Sx + CRT(1), Sx + C (1) C (5), CRT (7), RT (3), Sx (3) Head and Neck NUT midline carcinoma (5)

Hafstrom et al. 1417

2020 4

Retrospective case series

Prevalence

Kumar et al. 55

2018 4

Retrospective case series Retrospective case series Retrospective case series Retrospective case series Retrospective case series

OS

Median OS of 5.5 months

Kakkar et al. 1432 2018 4

Clinicopathologic characteristics

NUT IHC recommended for all poorly differentiated carcinomas

Minato et al. 1455

2018 4

CRT(4)

Clinicopathologic characteristics Clinicopathologic characteristics Clinicopathologic characteristics

NUT tends to involve frontal and ethmoidal sinuses NUT gene rearrangements are the gold standard for diagnosis

Fanget al. 1422

2013 4

RT (2), CRT (1), None (1)

Bishopand Westra 1418 NUT make up 2% of all sinonasal carcinomas Abbreviations: C, chemotherapy; CRT, chemoradiation therapy; IHC, immunohistochemistry; OS, overall survival; RT, radiation therapy; Sx, surgical therapy. 2012 4 Sx + CRT(3)

Aggregate grade of evidence : D (Level 3: one study; Level 4: six studies)

which are a core subunit in the SWI / SNF complex, which includes SMARCB1 , SMARCA2 , and SMARCA4 . The largest series to date is 39 cases. 1431 These tumors affect slightly more male than female patients. 1432 The mean age for patients with SMARCB1 - and SMARCA4 -deficient carcinomas is 54 years (range 28–78) and 44 years (range 20–67), respectively. 1431,1433 Patients with these tumors frequently present with facial pain, eye symptoms, and nasal obstruction. 1434 Histologic evaluation of these tumors reveals a growth pattern of rounded nests of cells with areas that have a cord- or sheet-like pattern. There is a mixed pattern of cells with a predominance of basaloid morphology; how ever, some cells have a rhabdoid apppearance. 1431,1435,1436 SMARCB1 -deficient carcinoma can be low to high grade,

3 SWI/SNF complex-deficient sinonasal carcinomas SMARCB1 ( INI1 )- and SMARCA4 ( BRG1 )-deficient sinonasal carcinomas both are the result of inactivation of the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable ( SWI / SNF ) subfamily of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling com plexes (Table XXIV.B.3). 1429 SMARCB1 -deficient sinonasal adenocarcinoma are exceptionally rare and are not specifically addressed herein. 1430 The names are derived from tumor-suppressor genes on chromosome 22q11.2,