xRead - Treatment of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate (May 2025)

6months 4

4

Cheek swelling for 48 h. No complications (not speci fi edwhich ones) 1month 4 Mean 2.52 y (0.02-7.26) 4

12weeks 4

No infections, graft loss, fi stulas, or cheek depression. 2 years 4 3-4weeks (mean 3.7 weeks) 4

Not speci fi ed 4

12months 4

Evidence Level

(continued)

30.3 ± 20.5

months

technique BFP used as Outcomes Follow-up

in 19 patients (33.9), with 78.9% (n = 15) with normal resonance.

No donor-site hematoma, adverse airway events, reintubation, bleeding, infection, super fi cial dehiscence, fl ap necrosis or fi stula. Speech assesment

Cover of exposed bone in lateral relaxing incisions Fistula (n = 1, 0.4%), bleeding (n = 2, 0.8%), speech assessment in 127

No postoperative complications (infection, bleeding, necrosis, dehiscence, parestesia), no fi stula

No complications related to BFP or donor site, no fi stulas.

Fistula (n = 4, 7.55%). Palatal lenght evaluated subjectively in 39 patients, 3 has short palate (7.7%). Speech

No fi stula, no complications in donor site, no infections.

No postoperative complications (infection, perforation, dehiscence, injuries of facial nerve or parotid duct), no facial asymmetry

patients at least at 2.5 years of age, inadequate velopharyngeal function in 5.5%

assesment in 33 patients at 4-5 years of age, hypernasal speech in 12 patients (36.4%)

Split fl ap for lateral

Cover of exposed bone in lateral relaxing incisions Nasal layer in defect created at hard-soft palate junction (unilateral)

Added intermediate layer in hard-soft palate

junction and obstructing the space of Ernst.

Cover of exposed bone in lateral relaxing incisions

Cover of exposed bone in lateral relaxing incisions

layer behind posterior border of hard palate

layer in hard-soft palate junction

relaxing incisions and

added layer in hard-soft palate junction

Added intermmediate

Added intermmediate

hard palate, not speci fi ed for soft palate.

Furlow for soft palate + two fl aps for hard palate

Langenbeck or two- fl aps for hard palate

Thurston, 2020 5 53 Cleft palate with tenous repair (n = 24) or large dead-space (n = 29) Furlow repair + two fl aps for hard palate repair (Randall modi fi cation)

One fl ap + bipedicle fl ap for

Denadai, 2022a 33 56 Cleft palate Veau II, III, IV Modi fi ed Furlow with small Z-plasties, two- fl aps for hard palate

Bardach two- fl ap

Gröbe, 2011 10 5 Wide cleft palate Straight line closure (no speci fi c description in the study)

Yamaguchi, 2016 23 231 Cleft palate Modi fi ed Furlow with small Z-plasties, von

palatoplasty, IVVP, straight line repair Modi fi ed Furlow with small

Palate repair surgical

Straight line repair with two fl aps for hard palate,

bilateral back-cut in nasal layer at hard-soft palate junction

Z-plasties for soft palate

” cleft

Table 1. Outcomes, Follow-Outcomes, Follow-Up and Evidence Level in Case Series Studies. Study n Inclusion criteria Primary palate repair Levi, 2009 2 10 "Complicated palate Zhang, 2010 27 8 Bilateral cleft palate (median cleft width: 15.3 mm [range - 13, 18]) 11 bilateral)

unilateral)

tear during repair

Ladani, 2016 28 50 Cleft palate (39 unilateral,

Ruslin, 2018 24 15 Cleft palate (8 bilateral, 7

Adeyemo, 2019 29 5 Wide cleft palate or nasal

4