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Wise et al.

Page 308

Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript survey 1 Low; 2 Middle; 3 High

Study Year LOE Study design Study groups Clinical endpoint Conclusion Family affluence scale: SES:

Diagnosis of AR in adolescents High Family Affluence Scale was associated with higher prevalence of AR.

Diagnosis of AR in children and adults Middle and high SES was associated with increased AR symptoms in children but not in adults.

Higher proportion of AR in students from high SES compared to low.

No association between household income and diagnosis of AR.

In the 1950s, low SES and AR were inversely related, but this association significantly decreased by 1970.

Diagnosis of AR in university students (ages 19–25 years)

Parental SES Diagnosis of AR in children 11–15 and 3–6 years old

High vs low SES Diagnosis of AR upon enrollment in military service

1 Low;

2 Middle;

3 High

1 High;

2 Low

SES:

survey

survey

survey

study

Lee et al. 615 2016 4 Cross-sectional

Penaranda et al. 616 2016 4 Cross-sectional

Wronka et al. 617 2016 4 Cross-sectional

2014 4 Cross-sectional

Braback et al. 609 2005 4 Cross-sectional

Hammer-Helmich et al. 612

AR = allergic rhinitis; LOE = level of evidence; SES = socioeconomic status.

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 June 10.