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Wise et al.

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Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript Author Manuscript TABLE X.D.

Evidence for the association between allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis Study Year LOE Study design Study groups Clinical endpoint Conclusion Mortz et al. 1901 2015 2b Prospective cohort The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study (TOACS). Cross-sectional study (n = 1501 8th graders); 15-year retention cohort (n = 899) Questionnaire, interview, clinical exam, serum IgE, patch test, SPT. Persistence of AD, comorbidities Lifetime prevalence of AD was 34.1%. 60.8% prevalence of AR in those with AD vs 31% in those without AD. Subjects with AD were twice as likely to develop AR. Sybilski et al. 1902 2015 2b Cross-sectional Questionnaire (n = 22,703 Polish subjects); Medical evaluation (n = 4783 patients) Questionnaire (response rate 64.4%), SPT with 15 aeroallergens. Diagnosis of AD and comorbidities. AD identified in 3.91% of subjects. Comorbidities of AD included AR in 26.17%. Association of AD with rhinitis subtypes: 9.5% with perennial vs 9.3% with seasonal and 9.6% with polyvalent vs 9.0% monovalent sensitization. Lowe et al. 1907 2007 2b Prospective birth cohort n = 620 infants with family history of atopic disease; 71.5% had sufficient data for analysis. SPT, interview. Risk of AR development amongst infants with atopic AD vs those with nonatopic AD. Kusel et al. 1909 2005 2b Prospective birth cohort (n = 263); 75.3% of the 263 followed for the full 5 years SPT at 6 months, 2 years, 5 years. Evaluation of risk factors for eczema in relation to atopic status. Schneider et al. 1900 2016 3b Cohort n = 1091 infants age 3-18 months with AD followed for 3 years. Development of comorbidities in patients with AD. Children with atopic eczema had a substantially greater risk of AR (OR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.48–5.71). In children with eczema within the first 2 years of life, SPT can provide information on the risk of AR.

Persistent eczema significantly associated with AR (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.5–5.3). AR significantly associated with AD (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.7–7.1). AR not associated with nonatopic dermatitis.

18.5% of patients developed AR. Mean age at onset was 2.4 ± 1.3 years for AR. Comorbidities developed more often in infants with greater baseline AD severity. 1.6% had AD/eczema (95% CI, 1.1–2.0). 12.6% had SAR (95% CI, 10.8–14.6). 17.1% had PAR (95% CI, 15.9–19.7).

Prevalence of “rhinitis” during the previous year: 8.9%. Concomitant with atopic eczema: 3.5%. Significant association between “rhinitis” and atopic eczema (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.36–2.88).

Prevalence of atopic eczema: 11.4%. Risk factors was severe rhinitis (OR, 7.7; 95% CI, 1.79–33).

Rhinitis symptoms present in 32.2% AD children. Allergic sensitization to egg, cat, grass pollen and mites, presence of symptoms of rhinitis, and family history of atopy were risk factors for AD.

Questionnaire, examination, SPT, tIgE, sIgE.

Epidemiology of allergic disease in an elderly Polish population.

Homologated questionnaire, SPT. Assessment of prevalence, severity, and factors linked to rhinitis.

Homologated questionnaire, SPT, physical examination. Assessment of prevalence,

severity, and factors linked to atopic eczema.

SPT. Assessment of prevalence of AD, comorbidities and risk factors.

Bozek & Jarzab 1903 2013 3b Cross-sectional n = 7124 Polish participants; mean age 66-67 years; 70% participation Batlles-Garrido et al. 537

2010 3b Cross-sectional n = 1143 participants; 10-year-old and 11-year-old school children;

49.8% response rate. Part of ISAAC II study.

2010 3b Cross-sectional n = 1143 participants; 10 and 11 year-old school children; 49.8%

response rate. Part of ISAAC II study.

Peroni et al. 1906 2008 3b Cross-sectional n = 1402 preschool children aged 3-5 years; response rate 92%. Part of ISAAC study.

Batlles-Garrido et al. 1905

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 June 10.