Special 125th Anniversary Issue – Bulletin

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The official member magazine of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery SPECIAL EDITION | 125th ANNIVERSARY | JANUARY 2021

125 1 8 9 6 - 2 0 2 1 AAO-HNS CELEBRATING YEARS

12 16

You Are the Academy and the Academy Is You The Next 125 Years in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Milestone Moments

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1896 2 21 Then and Now OFFICIAL NAME OTOLARYNGOLOGY

Western Association of Ophthalmologists, Otologists, and Laryngologists (WOOL)

American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNS/F)

PRESIDENT

Adolph Alt, MD

Carol R. Bradford, MD, MS

NUMBER OF COMMITTEES

4 Established in 1887

110

ANNUAL MEETING ATTENDEES

5,095 (2020 Virtual Annual Meeting & OTO Experience)

50 (Approximately)

ANNUAL MEETING PRESENTATIONS

29 live

270+ live and on demand

AND BEYOND

WORLD POPULATION

U.S. STATES 45 50 + 14 Territories vs.

SUMMER OLYMPICS

U.S. LIFE EXPECTANCY

1896 Athens, Greece 2021 Tokyo, Japan

~1,600,000,000

~7,874,965,825 vs.

vs.

46.33 years

78.6 years

inside this issue

features

Special Edition: 125th Anniversary January 2021

125 1 8 9 6 - 2 0 2 1 AAO-HNS CELEBRATING YEARS

The Bulletin (ISSN 0731-8359) is published 11 times per year (with a combined December/January issue) by the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 1650 Diagonal Road Alexandria, VA 22314-2857 Telephone: 1-703-836-4444 Member toll-free telephone: 1-877-722-6467 The Bulletin publishes news and opinion articles from contributing authors as a service to our readers. The views expressed in these articles are solely those of the individual and may or may not be shared by the AAO-HNS. Acceptance of advertising in the Bulletin in no way constitutes approval or endorsement by AAO-HNS of products or services advertised unless indicated as such. President Carol R. Bradford, MD, MS Executive Vice President, CEO, and Editor of the Bulletin James C. Denneny III, MD Managing Editor Tina Maggio bulletin@entnet.org INQUIRIES AND SUBMISSIONS bulletin@entnet.org Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, 1650 Diagonal Road, Alexandria, VA 22314-2857 Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to PO Box 503, RPO West Beaver Creek, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada L4B 4R6 Publications Mail Agreement NO. 40721518 ©2021 American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery BULLETIN ADVERTISING Ascend Media, LLC Suzee Dittberner 7171 W. 95th St., Suite 300 Overland Park, KS 66212 Phone: 1-913-344-1420 Fax: 1-913-344-1492 sdittberner@ascendmedia.com MAILING INFORMATION Postmaster: Send address changes to the American

through the years

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Logos

The Next 125 Years in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Milestone Moments 16 26

4

Bulletin Covers

12 You Are the Academy and the Academy Is You

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AAO-HNS

39

Presidents

departments The leading edge A Privilege and Honor: It Is Better to Give than to Receive 3 Our Rich History: Advancing the Specialty and Improving Patient Care 5 by James C. Denneny III, MD by Carol R. Bradford, MD, MS

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Preserving the History of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

AAO-HNS #WeAre125

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A Network of Academy Involvement

The AAO-HNS Community Responds to COVID-19 with Specialty Unity

The Annual Meeting as the Backbone of Our Guiding Principles 19 The Roles of Research and Scientific Communication in the AAO-HNS/F’s History 28 The Evolution of Quality 30 The Rich Legacy of the AAO-HNSF International Affairs Program: Connecting the Global Otolaryngology Community 32 The Past, Present, and Future of Education 36

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Logos through the Years

1896-1996

When the AAO-HNS/F celebrated its 100-year anniversary in 1996, this graphic was designed with the following description taken from A Century of Excellence: A 100th Anniversary History of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and Its Predecessor Organizations: "At top, the AAOO divides into (second tier) the otolaryngology academy (left) and ophthalmology academy (right). The ACO (second tier, center) merges with the AAO-HNS to form today's Academy.” 2008 The transition of the circular blue logo to the red happened in 2008 and that logo was used until 2018.

2018

In 2018 the AAO-HNS/F launched the logo used today. “We Are One: Otolaryngology United for Patient Care” represents the Academy’s core visual identity with everything else rooted in its meaning. The design takes the shape of the “O” that starts otolaryngology, while the varied colors suggest its multiple subspecialties and their societies; the cultural and demographic diversity of our members and their patients; the global nature of our specialty; our many different practice settings, including both academic and private, rural and urban, domestic and international; and the collaborative interactions we share with the entire healthcare community. The circular nature of the design represents our continuing bond with our patients, the global nature of our organization, and the equality of all members of the team and patients they serve.

During the March 2018 AAO-HNS/F Board meeting, the new logo was revealed.

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A Privilege and Honor: It Is Better to Give than to Receive

Learn more about the Academy’s 125 Strong Campaign on page 7 and how you can get involved and continue to support the pillars of our organization—one that has historically demonstrated to provide leadership and relevancy in the house of medicine to further education, research, quality, and patient care.

Carol R. Bradford, MD, MS AAO-HNS/F President

2 020 has been a year like no other. None of us likely ever imagined the challenges we would face this year. Yet, bright lights have given us hope and optimism for our future and gratitude for those who have helped us navigate this unprecedented year. The American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery and its Foundation have been an important beacon and bright light for our specialty this year. The Academy’s leadership and staff have worked tirelessly to support the membership through advocacy, education, support, and guidance through what has been one of the most challenging years we have ever faced as a community. These challenges have caused many of us to reflect upon what really matters—what we should be grateful for and what is our hope for the future. We have the privilege and honor of practicing the fabulous specialty of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. We have the privilege and honor

of educating our communities, colleagues, and learners. We have the privilege and honor of mentoring others and fostering their leadership development. We have the privilege and honor of building a diverse and inclusive community of otolaryngology that resembles the communities that we serve. We have the privilege and honor of fostering and encouraging our own wellness, so that we can serve others. I have the privilege and honor of serving as your President. We look forward to a bright future and a post-COVID-19 world where we can once again gather in person and return to a new sense of normalcy. I believe that this is likely to occur in the summer and fall, when innovations and distribution of vaccines and antibody therapies will have created herd immunity that will overcome COVID-19. As we think about the 125 years that the Academy has been in existence and the strong foundation we have built for the

future, I ask myself, how can I help the Academy realize its vision and mission in the areas of education, diversity, equity and inclusion, mentorship and leadership development, and wellness? I hope that you will join me in giving back to the society that has done so much to support its members and our collective future. Learn more about the Academy’s 125 Strong Campaign on page 7 and how you can get involved and continue to support the pillars of our organization—one that has historically demonstrated to provide leadership and relevancy in the house of medicine to further education, research, quality, and patient care. Your gift will help us drive transformation and innovation, expand and magnify our programs, and collectively partner for the health and wellbeing of our members and those that we serve.

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Our Rich History: Advancing the Specialty and Improving Patient Care

A s I reflect on the significance of our upcoming 125th anniversary as a specialty organization, I am thankful for my good fortune to have been involved in virtually every Academy activity at one time or the other over the last 40 years. This commemorative issue of the Bulletin contains a great deal of historical information concerning memorable and significant activities and contributions presented by our volunteer guest authors. For those interested in a comprehensive history, I refer you to the Century of Excellence published in 1996. We will be releasing the sequel to that publication that covers 1997 2021 at our eagerly awaited 125th Anniversary Annual Meeting & OTO Experience in Los Angeles, California, this October. Our founders included a small group of about 50 otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists who met together in Kansas City, Missouri, to share experiences through in-person meetings and discussions and promote the advancement of care in the two specialties. Subsequently, ophthalmology first and otolaryngology second, formed the first specialty society boards of their time. The organizations’ dedication to improving patient care and focus on education in their respective specialties set them apart through good and bad times. This allowed them to progress as specialties through World War I and the Spanish flu, the Great Depression followed by World War II and the Cold War. Advances in technology and patient care led to the splitting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology (AAOO) into the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO). Otolaryngology then united with the merger of the AAO and the American Council of Otolaryngology and held their first annual meeting in New Orleans, Louisiana in 1982, which I attended. The continued growth in the specialty and the organization can be directly linked to scientific and clinical advances and the application of innovative technology disseminated to otolaryngologists through

continually improving residency training programs and education offerings available widely to the community. As the healthcare payment system became more complex in the 1980s, particularly after adoption of the resource-based relative value scale payment methodology by the U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, the Academy’s role in legislative and regulatory advocacy dramatically increased and joined education and research as a pillar of the organization and today remains one of the most valued services by our members. Over the years, the Academy has expanded from primarily an education and research organization that fostered a collegial community of U.S. otolaryngologists to a full service association with significant international presence and collaborative relationships in order to meet the needs and preferences of otolaryngologists around the globe. The discipline to focus both talents and resources on factors directly related to improving patient care and meeting members’ needs has allowed our organization to thrive in changing environmental and political situations. The immediate future promises to challenge all of us at many levels as we traverse the second decade of the 21st century, a decade in each century that has historically produced change, disruption, and upheaval. Healthcare reform will be just one of many areas experiencing meaningful debate and potential game-changing evolution. It will be critical that the Academy works closely with the specialty societies within otolaryngology, physician organizations representing all areas of practice, and other healthcare providers to comprehensively represent the needs of our patients and members to those making the legislative and regulatory changes necessary to improve the delivery system and to equitably provide first-rate care to those in need at an affordable cost both here in the U.S. as well as globally. There has been an accelerating recognition of the continuum of physician needs based on stage of career, type of practice, gender, race,

James C. Denneny III, MD AAO-HNS/F EVP/CEO

ethnicity, and other demographic factors over the last decade. The progressive increase in administrative burden, the continued frustration with electronic medical records, the recent COVID-19 pandemic experience, and a host of other stressors have taken their toll on the physician community at a much greater rate than the rest of the population. All of these areas demand attention and constructive action along with our traditional services related to advocacy, education, quality, and research. It is imperative that we continue our sharp focus on member and patient-related issues through collaborative specialty-wide activities, particularly during the upcoming time when there will be increasing pressure and opportunity to expand into areas outside of our influence and expertise. Usually that results in loss of influence and ability to positively affect areas of concern that need improvement that are of higher priority to our members and the specialty. Otolaryngology-head and neck surgery and the associations representing it has a rich history and has established itself as an essential highly respected specialty within the medical community. Just like the past 125 years, our specialty and association will rise to the challenges that confront us, advancing the specialty and improving patient care around the world thanks to the extraordinary dedication and leadership of our members.

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Preserving the History of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Coming in 2021: An Update to A Century of Excellence A Century of Excellence, published in 1996, commemorates the 100th Head and Neck Surgery and its predecessor organizations—the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS), and the American Council of Otolaryngology (ACO). This comprehensive tome details the growth of the specialty and the people who positively influenced its course. The book’s structure moves through the development of educational prowess and formation of a socioeconomic and political council to address changing member needs. It culminates with the merger of the AAO-HNS and the ACO that formed the AAO-HNS/F, highlighting the extraordinary efforts of a few “pioneers” who forged onward. In celebration of the 125th Anniversary of the AAO-HNS/F, A Century of Excellence will be updated in 2021 to include the last 25 years of history from 1997-2021. Look for the release of that publication at the AAO HNSF 2021 Annual Meeting & OTO Experience in Los Angeles, California. anniversary of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–

"It is important to establish the history of otolaryngology as well as to honor the dedicated physicians that have advanced the specialty of otolaryngology as an integral part of total patient care." – John Q. Adams

T he History and Archives Department of the AAO-HNSF, which became The John Q. Adams Center in 1996 after the $1 million donation from John Q. Adams, was established to preserve the history of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, promote historical research, and provide education programs for the profession and the public. This diverse collection houses an extensive library and archival museum collections documenting the history of otolaryngology in the United States and Europe, including The Rosalind N. and David Myers Hearing Aid Collection, medical illustrations, oral histories, rare books and manuscripts, surgical instruments, and official records of several otolaryngology societies. Its current location is on the fifth floor of the AAO-HNS/F headquarters at 1650 Diagonal Road, Alexandria, Virginia.

In 2020 the “History of Women in Otolaryngology” exhibit was added to the history center. These women pioneers began their careers in otolaryngology as far back as the late 1800s, and the exhibit includes memorabilia and personal stories from more recent pathfinders who paved the way for current and future women otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons. The virtual exhibit can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vq1u FbLXEE&feature=youtu.be.

James C. Denneny III, MD, AAO-HNS/F EVP/ CEO (left), welcomes John Q. Adams (right), to the AAO-HNS/F offices in Alexandria, Virginia, on February 12, 2020.

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AAO-HNS #WeAre125 Investing in Ourselves in the Here and Now, for the Future

such as animation and gamification. With both financial and intellectual investment from our members, we can reach all types of learners in all types of settings.

membership. As presented in greater detail in the pages that follow, the #WeAre125 campaign’s four main areas are: • Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion • Education • Leadership Development and Mentorship • Wellness “I’ve given in the past; how is this time different?” First off, thank you for supporting our Academy and Foundation. Because of the prior generosity of our members to our endowments, we have been able to spend the money that comes off those investments to provide robust basic, clinical, and social science initiatives and infrastructure, which will all continue. The new #WeAre125 campaign provides for immediately usable funds to enable larger programs that will effectively engage more members where their passions lie. Let’s give some examples: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion It is high time to address the hugely impactful social determinants of health in our field. Creating programs that allow us all better understanding of unconscious bias and barriers to health equity experienced by our members and their patients and how they impact the delivery of healthcare to our patients is arguably more likely to improve lives and help our communities than any mnemonic or anatomy lab we ever studied for. is that we are all educators. We all teach, not just the ivory tower folks but all of us, each and every day in clinic and operating rooms, at lectures, or when we respond to our neighbor’s text message about their cousin with a sore throat. Drawing on our Academy’s superb track record for responsive, timely, and high-quality education, the next decades of education excellence will depend on innovative technology and novel engagement techniques, Education Without a doubt, our strongest common bond

Leadership Development and Mentorship

Sujana S. Chandrasekhar, MD

Albert L. Merati, MD

How do we deliberately shape our future? Each year we hear the enthusiasm for the AAO-HNS to develop and convene leadership training in our field. This isn’t just about advocacy in Washington, DC, or looking for the next Academy leader—this is about a global strengthening of our voices as we maintain the excellence of our practices and participate actively as physicians and contribute as good citizens in our local, national, and international communities. Establishing leadership development and mentorship programs will open exhilarating opportunities to all otolaryngologists at every step of their careers. Wellness There is an emotional and spiritual crisis among our siblings in healthcare. The incessant drumbeat of demands on our time and attention have brought many to the breaking point. Wellness programs funded by our membership and guided by thoughtful leaders can help us now. An emotionally healthy physician is a better physician, surgeon, teacher, learner, patient advocate, and member of their family and society. Learning to treat ourselves, our trainees, and our colleagues with humanity will go a long way to shaping the health of our communities. There is urgent need for this now. Wow! We’ve said a lot. But now is the time to imagine what the best version of otolaryngology can be. Your investment in the #WeAre125 campaign can bring those dreams to life. We are excited to partner with each and every one of our 12,000 fellow otolaryngologists to shape our future. Stay safe, and here’s to a bright new year.

Sujana S. Chandrasekhar, MD, and Albert L. Merati, MD H specialty has seen changes and growth since the first society was established by Hal Foster, MD, in 1896, but what remains consistent is our dedication to supporting our members and improving our field. As recent Past Presidents we have seen what the Academy can do and are honored to have been asked by President Dr. Carol R. Bradford to lead the 125th Anniversary Giving Campaign. This campaign is designed and driven by practicing otolaryngologists and will provide direct and immediate funds for programs for otolaryngologists locally, regionally, nationally, and internationally. We are asking you to contribute to the #WeAre125 campaign. Even just $125 from each member will get us well on our way to our goal of raising $5 million over the next two years. Our donations give each of us the opportunity to share our passion and to substantively reflect on our privilege to serve our communities in engaging, challenging, and rewarding careers as otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons. By adding funds from corporate and matching contributors, we can accomplish actionable projects. The time to build on this is now. Under the leadership of Dr. Bradford and the #WeAre125 campaign Section Leaders, four main areas for giving have been identified. They reflect the changing experiences and needs of our ever-evolving AAO-HNS appy quasquicentennial (that’s education!) to the AAO-HNS! Our

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into programming and initiatives that will enhance and demonstrate our commitment to cultural competency as a specialty? Through attracting diverse future applicants to our residency programs; diversifying the makeup of the faculty within our academic departments and private practices; training all within our specialty to be cognizant of unconscious biases; and recognizing both micro- and macro-aggressions that are pervasive in interpersonal interactions as a direct consequence of prejudicial societal norms; we can begin a new chapter within the field of otolaryngology that is welcoming to a diverse pool of bright and talented underrepresented and, in some instances, overlooked populations. To break the cycle of inequity impacting promotion, advancement, pay, tenure, awards, and recognition, we must define the issues and obstacles and then act to break down barriers for the good of all. In so doing, the future success of our specialty on a global scale is solidified and further assured. challenges to meet members’ needs is critical more now than ever to maintain and strengthen this foundational pillar of our Academy. Through forward thinking and providing the seed money to support the creation of novel and innovative education products and resources, we will be able to leverage the change we have all experienced over the past nine months to our advantage. This education evolution will also enable us to maintain the preeminence of the Academy in the otolaryngology-head and neck surgery education arena. Such a response is imperative to provide the skills and knowledge necessary for our members to continue to excel across the globe. The 125th fundraising campaign is the perfect opportunity for those with a passion for education to participate in the development of some exciting new projects. I am confident your support will propel us even further to be the best clinicians we can be throughout our careers.

innovation, and excellence, we must strive for equity and inclusive diversity to remain relevant and attract future leaders whose backgrounds mirror the many populations that we serve across the globe. Growth, innovation, diversity, equity, and inclusion are mutually beneficial. Advancements in the clinical practice of otolaryngology from the start of the 20th century to present day are beyond the scope of this narrative, but it is worth taking a quick mental inventory of just how much we have achieved in order to sense the enormity of our ability to make a lasting and permanent mark on history and the science of medicine through collective effort. The AAO-HNS/F advocates for all of its members to have equal footing, whether negotiating with insurers, maintaining best practices through expert consensus statements and clinical practice guidelines, or presenting the state-of-the-art in all facets of our specialty from cancer to allergy. So with this backdrop, how can we harness the momentum of the past century of digital learning tools and resources to advance otolaryngology education. Examples include OTO Logic, your otolaryngology learning network with nearly 1,400 education activities, and the Academy’s new flagship education product, FLEX—Focused Lifelong Education Xperience—with more than 3,200 learners. As an active member of our Academy since residency, serving in many capacities, I’ve seen tremendous evolution, expansion, and improvement in education since beginning my involvement in 1993. As former AAO-HNSF Coordinator for Education and Chair of the Future of Education Task Force in 2019, I gained extensive insight and perspective on how our members prefer to learn and want to be challenged in order to gain mastery throughout their career. The education evolution is even more pertinent today given COVID-19-related changes and our need for enhanced and optimized remote learning. Our ability to rise up to our present-day

Angela M. Powell, MD A pproaching the 125th anniversary of the AAO HNS/F affords a unique opportunity to celebrate many milestones within the specialty and delineate how best to invest future resources with specific strategic aims. While promoting growth, Angela M. Powell, MD

Richard V. Smith, MD O ver the past decade, the AAO

HNSF education has transformed its offerings from traditional print, such as the Home Study Course, to an impressive breadth

Richard V. Smith, MD

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to hold that position. Carol R. Bradford, MD, MS, was recently named dean of The Ohio State University College of Medicine. Toni M. Ganzel, MD, MBA, is the dean of the University of Louisville School of Medicine. Douglas A. Girod, MD, serves as the chancellor of the University of Kansas, which means he is the chief executive officer for that institution. These are but a few of the shining stars who have been involved in the Academy and have gone on in their careers to attain appointments that validate their leadership abilities. If we look at a leader as someone who takes people where they want to go, the Academy will provide members with leadership development and mentorship that will allow them to become president of the Academy, CEO of their healthcare institution, dean of their schools of medicine, or chief of staff at their hospital, if that is their desire. The opportunities are varied—and the skill set necessary may well depend on the individual—but the Academy can be a resource to achieve these goals. that of those otolaryngologists who admit to burnout, 17% have thoughts of taking their own life. Can you imagine losing a colleague who could have been helped? We as otolaryngologists bring health and wellness to our patients to restore essential human functions of breathing to sustain life, speaking to each other with kindness, and listening to each other with compassion and hope. We too must bring balance and wellness to us as individuals, expand our knowledge, give each other the tools to advocate for resources to support the work we do, and create an infrastructure to support each other. The unprecedented changes in 2020 associated with the pandemic and civil unrest have challenged each and every one of us. These events that have presented so much uncertainty serve as a clarion call that change is constant and resilience is essential. With health and wellness at the center of the conversation and a strategic priority in celebration of our 125-year anniversary, please join us in investing in each other and our collective future.

selflessly to the organization. To make the most of the energy and enthusiasm that they bring, it is our responsibility to provide leadership development and mentorship that will build the pipeline of leaders for the future of our specialty. As our members matriculate in residency, begin practice development, and transition to midcareer and senior partnerships, it is appropriate that the Academy be there to assist in leadership and mentorship. The goal of leadership development and mentorship is to develop education modules, platforms, and mentorship programs that will provide benefit to Academy members. Current leaders will be there to assist those who are interested with personal development, networking, and leadership skills. It is amazing to see the number of otolaryngologists who exemplify success in leadership, such as Cliff A. Megerian, MD, who has been named chief executive officer of University Hospitals Health System in Cleveland, Ohio—the first physician ever ways of identifying and promoting resilience with the 21st century demands of surgical practice—where we are facing unprecedented change in how we work, the expectations of our work, and how we are resourced—remain elusive for many. Bureaucratic tasks and electronic medical records interfere with relationship-centric care and compromise our sense of purpose. An unfavorable patient outcome leaves us as the second victim, second guessing ourselves and undermining our confidence and well-being. These professional demands of our work and competing priorities can leave us with little time to integrate strategies that promote well-being and leave us at risk for burnout. Medical errors are more likely to occur in burnt out physicians. Only one-third of us report experiencing joy and happiness in our work, and over one-third of us admit to burnout. While most of us turn to exercise as a healthy way of coping, many will choose an unhealthy escape, such as isolation, junk food craving, binge eating, and alcohol consumption. The most alarming statistic is

Kathleen L. Yaremchuk, MD, MSA C reating a strong pipeline of capable leaders is imperative for the Academy. We

are fortunate to have individuals who are the best and the brightest in medicine and volunteer Kathleen L. Yaremchuk, MD, MSA

Dana M. Thompson, MD, MS C ultivating physician well-being

and resilience is a key to enhancing the quality of otolaryngology care and the sustainability of our physician workforce. Yet Dana M. Thompson, MD, MS

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A vital part of the strategic work of the AAO-HNS/F Boards of Directors as it relates to meeting the needs of members in achieving the vision set forth for the organization is the input and participation of the AAO-HNS Board of Governors (BOG), the Diversity and Inclusion Committee, the Section for Residents and Fellows in-Training (SRF), Women in Otolaryngology (WIO) Section, and Young Physicians Section (YPS). The current chair of each of these essential component groups of members shares their reflections on the 125-year anniversary. A Network of Academy Involvement

DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION COMMITTEE

Erynne A. Faucett, MD, Chair A s I reflect on 125 years of the AAO-HNS, I think about the

Lance A. Manning MD, Chair T he partnership between ophthalmology and otolaryngology ended in 1979 with the emergence of the American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO). Subsequently the AAO merged with the American Council of Otolaryngology (ACO) to form our current organization. The BOG was a critical part of the new organization stemming from the ACO. The BOG held its first annual meeting in 1982 in New Orleans, Louisiana, with Marvin A. Singleton, MD, as the first Chair. Since that time the BOG has championed issues critical to the day-to day practice of otolaryngology through the representation of state and local otolaryngology societies as well as specialty societies. The input from the BOG grassroots has allowed aggressive advocacy on legislative, regulatory, and private payer issues since its inception. Over its 38 years of existence, the BOG has spawned numerous leaders who have served the AAO-HNS/F well. Seven presidents, three EVP/CEOs, numerous elected members of the Boards of Directors, and many Coordinators have emerged from the BOG to serve the specialty well. Over the years, the legislative networks of the BOG have anchored our specialty’s legislative activities for the last three decades and the “on-the-ground” information brought forward from the BOG has informed private payer advocacy efforts leading to action on the issues most pertinent to our members’ practices through the selfless donation of time by our practicing members. The BOG has evolved to truly represent the diversity that is the AAO-HNS in all respects. I am humbled and proud to be the current Chair of the BOG as it continues to be the voice of the practicing otolaryngologist. Most importantly, it has created a community of otolaryngologists who volunteer on behalf of each other and support one other so that we can better serve our patients and communities.

efforts of our Academy regarding diversity and inclusion. The Diversity and Inclusion Committee started as a task force just 15 years ago and was approved as a standing committee 10 years ago under the leadership of Duane J. Taylor, MD. While we have made progress over the last two decades, much work remains, not only with respect to race and ethnicity, but also, though not limited to, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, disability status, economic circumstance, and religion. This work is critical as we recognize that diversifying our specialty expands our viewpoint, improves our decision making, and allows us to take better care of patients. Support by the Academy in these efforts has allowed for continued funding of programs that provide opportunities for underrepresented minority students and trainees with regard to networking opportunities, education, and leadership development. These opportunities have facilitated education and awareness, created an environment of inclusion, and encouraged broader interest in the specialty. From a patient perspective, we also know that when patients are cared for by a provider with similar race or ethnicity, this facilitates greater openness in information exchange. This knowledge drives our work at the Academy to reaffirm our commitment to promoting cultural awareness, improving sensitivity, and enhancing cultural competence among our membership. As I think about the future of otolaryngology, and the next 125 years, I look forward to seeing a diverse and engaged membership that reflects the patients who we care for and the continued support of our Academy in our path toward this goal.

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Zainab Farzal, MD, MPH, Chair S RF has been a dynamic aspect of AAO-HNS since its creation 20

Jamie R. Litvack, MD, MS, Chair I n 1906 Margaret F. Butler, MD, the first female otolaryngology chair

Nausheen Jamal, MD, Chair N ot long after its foundation in 1896, the Academy recognized the importance of standardizing education in otolaryngology—leading to the foundation of the American Board of Otolaryngology as one of the earliest specialty boards in 1924. Early on the Academy invested both in the careers of young otolaryngologists as well as in quality improvement and patient safety, which led to the establishment of the Young Physicians Committee (YPC) in 1992. The committee’s charge was to “serve as a liaison between the Academy's governing body and young physicians beginning their practice, promote the development of future leaders within the AAO-HNS…and provide representation of young physicians for the AMA and all other organizations.” Two decades later, with the goal of developing an inclusive body that would engage the Academy’s rich young physician network and develop its future leaders, the Academy transformed the YPC into the YPS in 2014. Upon elevation to Section status, the YPS has transitioned to an inclusive body that works to provide opportunities for early-career otolaryngologists to engage in issues relevant to their needs. The Section’s structure also encourages continued progression and leadership development from the SRF, with whom the YPS partners regularly. The YPS aims to address the interests of Section members through outreach activities and the development of practice management resources. As the YPS continues to progress, the voice of this critical member cohort will continue to be elevated. The future for the YPS over the next 125 years is bright.

years ago. Arising out of the Committee on Residents and Fellows-in-Training, the designation to a Section made the inclusion of trainees an integral part of the Academy’s goals and initiatives. The SRF has been led by its Governing Council, which includes resident/fellow governor positions to the BOG. Subsequently, the SRF also established delegates to the Society for University Otolaryngologists, American College of Surgeons, American Medical Association, ENT Political Action Committee, and most recently, the American Board of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. To establish a similar alliance with our counterparts around the world, an International Delegate position was established in 2020. Residents and fellows have unparalleled opportunities thanks to the AAO-HNS. Through involvement in the AAO HNS/F Leadership Forum & BOG Spring Meetings, SRF members can network with AAO-HNS leaders. SRF members also receive AAO-HNSF Humanitarian Travel Grants to fund humanitarian travel and projects. Additionally, SRF submits Panel Presentations on topics that are of particular interest to trainees for the AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting & OTO Experience. The SRF has stayed true to its mission of understanding the issues most important to trainees and conveying those to AAO HNS leadership. Since 2002 the SRF has circulated an annual survey to all trainees querying their experiences. Entering the 125th year of AAO-HNS/F is exciting, particularly during this unprecedented time. The SRF will continue to invest deeply in the Academy with future initiatives, and we invite you to join us!

in the United States, was appointed chair of Ear, Nose and Throat at Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania. An innovator, she designed several instruments used in otolaryngology surgeries, including the Butler tonsil snare and a nasal septum splint. True to her life’s work, she passed away from a myocardial infarction while performing a tonsillectomy at the age of 71. AAO-HNS/F Female Presidents: M. Jennifer Dereberry, MD, was elected the first female President of the AAO-HNS/F Boards of Directors from 2003-2004. She was followed by Gayle E. Woodson, MD (2015-16), Sujana S. Chandrasekhar, MD (2016-17), and Carol R. Bradford, MD, MS (2020-21). The First Women’s Section within a Surgical Subspecialty: In 2010 WIO achieved AAO-HNS Section status. In a testament to this achievement, an outpouring of $400,000 was pledged to and established the WIO Endowment during the AAO-HNSF 2010 Annual Meeting & OTO Experience in Boston, Massachusetts. In contrast to other specialties, WIO made an intentional decision to create a section within the Academy rather than separate from the Academy. Today: At time of publication, woman otolaryngologists are serving in leadership positions in academic institutions around the United States, and the numbers are increasing. However, while many “firsts” have been achieved, there is still much work to be done. As we look to the future, we strive for an equitable presence in leadership and a disappearance of the gender pay gap. Linda S. Brodsky, MD , one of the WIO founders, eloquently noted, “We are a collaborative group, inclusive, and consensus-building.”

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You Are the Academy and the Academy Is You T he AAO-HNS/F is far more than its brick-and-mortar headquarters in Alexandria, Virginia. Its reach extends internationally to your location of practice and patient care, creating global connections to improve patient care around the world, epitomizes the Academy then and the Academy today and those who have comprised it along the way. Being an Academy member is not just about membership in your specialty’s society. It is a commitment to optimizing care and continually striving to improve patient share information that helps both physicians and patients. You Are the Academy You make otolaryngology remarkable, and in turn you make the Academy remarkable. Over the past 125 years, members have

within this unique specialty. Each of you breathe life into our Academy, and it thrives because of the members it serves. In its most essential way, you are the Academy and the Academy is you. Foundation of Service Giving of yourself, your time, and your expertise is woven into the fabric of the practice of medicine and creates the solid ground for which otolaryngology and the AAO-HNS/F stand. It is no surprise, then, that the Academy’s roots started from the efforts of those who recognized the value of exchange of ideas and research in furthering patient care. When Hal Foster, MD, sent more than 500 invitations in 1896 to southern and western U.S. physicians engaged in ophthalmology and otolaryngology, it marked the start of the rich history of what has now become the AAO-HNS/F. In his opening remarks to the approximately 50 attendees of this first meeting, April 9 and 10, 1896, Dr. Foster noted, “I have called you here to organize an ophthalmological, otological, laryngological association. The little acorn I plant here today will never satisfy me until like an oak it grows and spreads all over the United States, and our greater sister, the Canadian nation on the north.” This declaration along with the ensuing 125-year history of service and dedication

proved time and again that your commitment to patients, to medicine, and to the specialty is resolute. A great strength of our organization is the diversity of thought, experience, and culture that you provide for an even better product that all our patients deserve. There is a healthy recognition that we all need each other to succeed. You have made the Academy an inviting, accepting, and inclusive home for all professionals specializing in ear, nose, and throat care, fostering diversity within the specialty and the organization. Representing all practice types, you have contributed to creating synergistic partnerships with international colleagues, specialty societies, allied health providers, and other strategic partners. The Academy has experienced a healthy engagement of members for 125 years and in return that has enabled it to build a strong foundation, with members and your patients at the core and heart of it all. Imagine the thrill that Dr. Foster would have today to see a global connected community of otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons. There is no doubt that you, the members, are the reason the “acorn” planted 125 years ago has grown and thrived into the Academy-wide forest of giant oaks we see today—sprawling beyond the borders of the United States and Canada and around the world.

outcomes. It is partaking in specialty unity to address regulatory challenges, to collaborate for patient care, to advance research in the field, to enhance the reach of our voice, to network and connect, and to share ideas and experiences. Throughout the Academy’s 125 years, members have nurtured Dr. Foster’s vision with unwavering contributions via expertise, time, knowledge, and skillset. When we look closely at the heart of the Academy’s continued flourishment, we can see that it is the varied and steadfast engagement of you, our members. Otolaryngology touches the lives and improves the health for people of all walks of life, and it is you, our members, who have created our rich tradition and significant history. The success and sustainability of the AAO-HNS/F is directly related to the involvement and investment of members so that the otolaryngology-head and neck surgery voice is robust with authority and purpose for patient care. Our reach is far and wide in advocacy, research, quality, education, practice management, and so much more. The knowledge and skills that members share with each other and across the specialty cannot be understated. From mentoring residents and young physicians to supporting clinical practice to advancing medical research, you give your time to

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The AAO-HNS Community Responds to COVID-19 with Specialty Unity

Members of the Specialty Unity Societies (SUS) American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery American Broncho-Esophagological Association American Head and Neck Society American Laryngological Association American Neurotology Society American Otological Society American Rhinologic Society American Society of Geriatric Otolaryngology American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology ASCENT | Administrator Support Community for ENT Association of Academic Departments of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Otolaryngology Program Directors Organization Society of University Otolaryngologists Triological Society conversation ranged broadly from training to workforce and how we might all collaborate on meetings, there was one decisive refrain that was heard around the table: ‘I am an otolaryngologist.’ No matter what subspecialty we represent or focus on, each of us is an otolaryngologist first. We are all tied together.” Since it was founded, the SUS traditionally met during the AAO-HNS/F Leadership Forum & BOG Spring Meeting and the AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting & OTO Experience. Prior to

Meeting of the Specialty Unity Summit (SUS) during the AAO-HNS/F 2018 Leadership Forum & BOG Spring Meeting on March 10, 2018, in Alexandria, VA.

A s the history of the AAO-HNS/F continues to be written beyond its 125th anniversary, there is no doubt that the response to the COVID-19 pandemic by the Academy and the global otolaryngology community will be highlighted further in our future history books. In 2020 the world was struck with the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting practices and patient care. Its arrival quickly revealed that it would have a significant impact on society in all facets and, specifically for the AAO-HNS/F, on otolaryngologists and their patients. As future generations look to lessons learned from the Academy’s leadership during COVID-19, what will be most notable is the ease with which the otolaryngology community jumped into action and came together to collaborate and coordinate—peer-to-peer. More than ever, We Are One demonstrated to be more than just a phrase—it became a notable representation of the years of investment in specialty unity so that when crisis occurred, ease of action was the result. As specialization within otolaryngology became more commonplace and specialty societies flourished, the need for unity within otolaryngology, a small specialty in of itself, was clearly needed. The first formal attempt to do that emanated from a specialty society summit meeting called by then President, James C. Denneny III, MD. The Specialty Society Advisory Council (SSAC) was formed

and represented by two voting members on the Board of Directors. J. Regan Thomas, MD, shared the value of specialty unity in his January 2011 Bulletin President’s column titled A Key Component of Success: Specialty Unity. “After a specialty summit meeting three years ago, the AAO-HNS convened the various otolaryngology groups to form the Specialty Society Advisory Council (SSAC), to enhance intraspecialty cooperation and collaboration. Realizing that many of the topics that affect one society affect us all, the SSAC serves as a conduit for information to and from the member groups, and as an advisory body on such issues to our AAO-HNS/F Boards of Directors.” Although the SSAC existed, it was largely ineffectual due to communication problems with specialty leadership. After several successful Specialty Unity Summit (SUS) meetings that involved the current leadership of each specialty society, the SSAC was sunsetted in 2017 in favor of the SUS. This immediately improved the interest in specialty communications and collaboration on a number of issues. That collaboration has extended far beyond the yearly meetings and has resulted in regular conferences on critical issues affecting the breadth of the specialty. After attending the SUS during the AAO HNS/F 2019 Leadership Forum & BOG Spring Meeting, Albert L. Merati, MD, wrote in his June 2019 Bulletin President’s column titled I Am an Otolaryngologist, “While the

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COVID-19, “the SUS has been instrumental in bringing together the decision-makers and thought leaders from each specialty area within otolaryngology to collectively work together enabling our specialty to move forward for the benefit of all,” said Dr. Denneny, AAO-HNS/F Executive Vice President and CEO. The pre-existing relationships and successful collaboration within otolaryngology head and neck surgery among the major specialty areas allowed for immediate and collegial responses to address the rising challenges of practice and patient care that COVID-19 bestowed on the healthcare community. The relationships existed and the outreach to each other was seamless—in fact, almost expected because this cooperative foundation had been nurtured through the SUS. Duane J. Taylor, MD, 2020 AAO-HNS/F President, and Dr. Denneny provide an overview in the 2020 Annual Report of the Academy’s COVID-19 response—a response, in the name of public health, that included resources and materials for members and nonmembers alike, domestic and international. They noted, “The collaborative network of the global otolaryngology community as well as the house of medicine has demonstrated extraordinary initiative and leadership in addressing the paramount COVID-19 challenges. It is our belief that this peer-to-peer connection that transcends from organization to organization, practice to practice, and physician to physician, is the value that propels the healthcare community through crises such as this.” As this issue goes to press, the COVID-19 pandemic still looms large—its total toll on society still unknown. What we do know is abundantly clear, and that is the AAO-HNS is a magnificent collection of individuals with the knowledge, experience, skills, and commitment to further deepen the collaboration and collectivity of the global otolaryngology community. Even in times of pure exhaustion and uncertainty, members dug deep to continue offering contributions that supported each other, the specialty, public health, and patient care.

The full recap of the Academy’s 2020 efforts addressing the COVID-19 pandemic can be accessed in the 2020 Annual Report at https://www.entannualreport.org/. A few notable items include: Guidance for Return to Practice The AAO-HNS, with the collaboration of the otolaryngology specialty societies, developed recommendations for a safe return to practice, presented in two parts and to be updated as necessary. • Reporting tool launched for data collection on March 26 • Public outreach achieved through substantial media coverage • Patient information included on ENThealth.org • Publication of initial reporting tool findings in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery on April 10 Research Published in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery made available to the healthcare community in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 Podcast Series produced 18 podcasts providing a means of connection on COVID-19 pandemic related topics. COVID-19 Email Series shared information, updates, and resources to the global otolaryngology community. COVID-19 Resource Web Page housed on entnet.org to serve as a repository of information. COVID-19 Videos created for both the otolaryngology community and to the public/ patient community and accessed on ENThealth.org. Ansomia and Dysgeusia Actions Effecting Change • Public statement released on March 22 Engagement on ENTConnect provided peer-to-peer support.

Other efforts included: • Education • Statements and Position Statements • Advocacy and Financial Relief • AAO-HNSF 2020 Virtual Annual Meeting & OTO Experience • Information Technology

To access all of these resources and more, go to https://www.entnet.org/content/covid 19-resource-page.

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