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ICAR SINONASAL TUMORS

TABLE IX.1 (Continued)

Clinical endpoints 1. Distant

Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusion

Dagan et al. 228

2019 4 a

1. High-grade histology was associated with distant metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis 2. Neuroendocrine histology and intracranial invasion were associated with leptomeningeal metastasis 3. Recommend adding CSF cytology and MRI spine and brain in the workup of patients with high-risk features 1. 6% cervical node involvement 2. 6% distant metastasis 3. Initial cervical PET/ MRI may be useful for initial staging and 1. 15% cervical node involvement 2. 21% delayed cervical node involvement posttreatment 3. 92% ipsilateral, 63% contralateral cervical disease 4. PET/CT useful to detect occult nodal spread and enable earlier metastasis detection 1. The average SUVmax was highest for SNUC compared to other histologies 2. PET/CT may be useful in assessing regional and distant metastasis in sinonasal SCC, ONB, SNEC, and SNMM 3. PET/CT use is debatable for SNAC 1. RPLN portended worse OS 2. Imaging, preferably with MRI, should be performed for assessment of RPLN 1. Cervical node involvement at diagnosis: 22% overall (24.1% SNUC, 13.8% sinonasal SmCC) 2. The neck and potential sites of restaging, and provides information on all sites distant metastases should be worked up in patients with SNUC or sinonasal SmCC. 1. 22% cervical node involvement 2. 4% distant metastasis

Retrospective cohort

Patients with

metastasis

nonmetastatic sinonasal cancer ( n = 120)

2.

Leptomeningeal metastasis

2019 4 a

Meerwein et al. 218

Retrospective cohort

Patients diagnosed with SNMM who had hybrid PET ( n = 34)

1. Cervical node involvement 2. Distant metastasis 3. Use of hybrid PET 1. Cervical node involvement 2. Laterality of

2018 4 a

Marinelli et al. 204

Retrospective cohort

Patients diagnosed

withONB( n = 61)

cervical disease

2017 4 a

Felix-Ravelo et al. 200

Retrospective cohort

Patients with an SNM who had PET/CT ( n = 50)

1. FDG uptake at primary site 2. Useof

PET/CTby tumor type

Gangl et al. 201

2017 4 a

1. Presence of RPLN 2. OS

Retrospective cohort

Patients with sinonasal carcinoma who had CTorMRI ( n = 36) Patients with sinonasal SmCC and SNUC ( n = 141)

Ahnet al. 229

2016 4

Retrospective database (SEER)

Cervical node involvement

Dubal et al. 230

1. Cervical node involvement 2. Distant metastasis

Patients with maxillary sinus SCC ( n = 854)

2016 4

Retrospective database (SEER)

(Continues)