xRead - Nasal Obstruction (September 2024) Full Articles

20426984, 2021, 3, Downloaded from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alr.22741 by Stanford University, Wiley Online Library on [01/07/2024]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons License

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Orlandi et al.

(Continues)

significantly higher in AFRS vs CRS. Mean serum IgG anti- Alternaria antibodies

CRSwNP AFRS Sinus culture There is a higher prevalence of S. aureus in patients with

ELISA for serum Ig levels Fungal-specific IgG3 levels were elevated in all eosinophilic mucin CRS patients,

irrespective of the presence of fungal allergy or fungi within eosinophilic mucin.

Fungal antigens stimulated expansion of solitary

chemosensory cells and

increase IL-25 production in AFRS and patients with fungal balls.

AFRS vs patients with other types of CRSwNP.

were significantly elevated in AFRS vs CRS. Statistically

significant increase in mean number of IgE antifungal

bands from AFRS vs CRS.

detection and CRSwNP with positive correlation to eosinophil counts.

Study Year LOE Study Design Study Groups Clinical Endpoint Conclusions Hutcheson 1705 2010 4 Prospective case control study AFRS CRS

Mean serum total IgE was

Association between toxin

Serum total IgE and IgG anti- Alternaria -specific antibodies

Immunofluorescent, flow cytometry, ELISA

Western immunoblotting

Presence of SEA, SEB, SEC, SED and TSST-1 by ELISA IHC of sinus tissue

Serum antifungal IgE by

Eosinophilic mucin CRS

CRS w/o mucin

Fungal allergy only AFRS

Non-atopic Control

Fungal ball CRSsNP

CRSwNP

CRSsNP

Control group

Antrochoanal polyp

Pant 633,22 2005 4 Prospective case control study

Other Immune Mechanisms Patel 1729 2019 4 Prospective case control study

Clark 1697 2013 4 Retrospective case series

Seiberling 1712 2005 4 Prospective case control

TABLE X-30 (Continued)