xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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424

INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS ON OLFACTION

TABLE VII.12 (Continued)

Study design Study groups

Clinical end point

Topic

Study

Year LOE

Conclusions

Matsuda et al 681

OSIT-J score significantly lower in ALS than in HCs Test scores correlated with

2021 4

Case

30ALS 53 matched HCs

OSIT-J MRI voxel-based morphometr Cognitive tests

control

age and a number of cognitive measures, including frontal

assessment battery, but not education or disease type OSIT-J scores were correlated with atrophic changes of left orbital cortex consisting of gyrus rectus and medial orbital gyrus and right hippocampus in ALS No differences in thresholds between MS and HCs 7 of 31 MS (31%) exhibited microsmia Test scores correlated with disease duration after correcting for age No difference in test scores, although more women in the HCs and MS younger thanHCs Strong negative relationship found between UPSIT R scores and the number of demyelinated plaques within the inferior frontal and temporal lobes 15% had abnormal UPSIT R scores; 23% slight delay in latency and decrease in OERP amplitude UPSIT R scores correlated significantly with measures of anxiety, depression, and severity of neurological impairment Only 2% of patients aware of smell loss until being tested (Continues) 45% exhibited anosmia or microsmia

Ansari 682

Multiple

1976 4

Case

24MS 24HCs

Amyl acetate and nitrobenzene

sclerosis

control

recognition thresholds

Pinching 683

1977 4

Cross

22MS

Yes/no detection + quality descriptions

sectional

Dotyet al 13

1984 2

Case

31MS 1215HCs

UPSIT R

control

Kesslak et al 553

1988 4

Case

14MS 14HCs

UPSIT R Match-to-sample discrimination test

control

Dotyet al 406

1997 2

Cross

26MS

UPSIT R MRI lesion counts

sectional

Hawkes and

1997 4

Case

72MS 154HCs

UPSIT R OERP

Shephard 407

control