xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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447

PATEL et al.

TABLE VII.12 (Continued)

Study design Study groups

Clinical end point

Topic

Study

Year LOE

Conclusions

Iijima et al 773

OSIT-J

Higher frequency of

2011 4

Case

55 akinetic-rigid typePD 21 mixed-type PD 14TDTPD

subjective symptoms of impaired smell in the akinetic-rigid type than in the tremor-dominant type group Test scores were significantly lower in the akinetic-rigid type than in the tremor-dominant type PDgroup B-SIT scores significantly lower inPD MMSE lower in PD than HCs All elements and the composite SS-TDI scores were lower in PD than in HCs Interestingly, profound hyperactivation in the piriform and orbitofrontal cortices was observed in B-SIT differentiated PD and controls with 71.4% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity when patients were divided into 2 age groups Significant dysfunction observed in PD on UPSIT R DTI revealed significant group differences in both the substantia nigra and anterior olfactory region, with fractional anisotropy of the olfactory region clearly distinguishing PD fromHCs 75% (110 of 146) noncarriers exhibited hyposmia; 36% (16 of 44) carriers exhibited hyposmia The early and delayed MIBG uptake in LRRK2 carriers was superior to that of the noncarriers PD compared with a standard activation protocol of HCs

control

Kimet al 774

2011 4

Case

31PD 25HCs

B-SIT MMSE

control

Moessnang et al 775

2011 4

Case

16PD 16HCs

SS-TDI fMRI

control

Rodriguez

2011 4

Case

70PD 70HCs

B-SIT

Violante 776

control

Rolheiser et al 777

2011 4

Case

14PD 14HCs

UPSIT R DTIMRI

control

Ruiz-Martinez et al 778

2011 4

Case

44LRRK2PD 146PD(no LRRK2)

B-SIT 123I-MIBG cardiac

control

scintigraphy

(Continues)