xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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474

INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS ON OLFACTION

TABLE VII.17 (Continued) Author Year

Design LOE Study groups

Olfactory indicator Smoking measure Conclusions

OD frequency in

IranSmell

History of smoking, smoking dose (pack-years) A cigarette pack-year was defined as a pack of cigarettes (20 cigarettes) smoked every day for 1 year Smoking status was dichotomized into nonsmokers (never- or former smoker) and current smoker For current smokers,

4

1470 participated; reasonably

Jalali

2020 Population based cross sectional

et al 990

smokers (22.5%) was significantly more frequent than in

Identification Task

representative of the population of individuals without self-reported loss of smell or taste or related diseases and treatments

former (19.8%) and nonsmokers (13.2%) There was a significant negative association between total scores of IranSmell Identification Task and the total number of cigarettes Significant difference in median UPSIT R score between never-smokers and current smokers and between former smokers and current number of cigarettes smoked per week by categories of normosmic, microsmic and anosmic Lower OF scores were associated with lower BMI in older adults who smoke, but not in older adults who do not smoke Current smoking was significantly associated with greater odds of olfactory impairment smokers, but not between former smokers and never-smokers (33 vs 33, adjusted P = 1.000) No difference in the

Fluitman et al 991

2019

Cross

2

824Dutch

UPSIT R

sectional analysis withina cohort

community dwelling older adults from the ongoing Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam

the number of cigarettes per weekwas documented

Khil

SS-ID (12 odors)

Smoking status

2015

Cross

2

Random sample of 3820 inhabitants aged 25 to 74 years from the population register of Dortmund, a city inwestern Germany 2838 participants, 1293 (45.6%) men and 1545 (54.4%) women

et al 992

(never-, former, current smoker)

sectional

Schubert et al 133

2012

Population based cross sectional

2

SDOIT and related

Smoking history (ever-smoked

History of smoking was associated with an increased odds of olfactory impairment

olfaction questions. “Do foods you eat now taste as good as when you were younger?’’ and ‘‘Do you experience food flavors (eg, chocolate, the same as you used to?’’

≥ 100 cigarettes), exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at home, work, and in social situations

in women only (ever-smoked vs never-smoked)

(Continues)