xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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PATEL et al.

TABLE VII.17 (Continued) Author Year

Design LOE Study groups

Olfactory indicator Smoking measure Conclusions

B-SIT

Never, past, current Smoking explained

2

TwoDanish

Doty

2011

Population based cohort

et al 993

significant variability in odor identification ability in multiple regression analysis

nationwide population

based surveys (Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins; Danish 1905 Cohort 2005 survey); 91 centenarians (18 men, 73 women); 1131 elderly twins (513 men, 618women) who lived at the same address for 20years

Ranft

2009

Prospective cohort

2

402 older adults

SS-ID (16 odors)

Nonsmokers (n = 388); former smokers (15%); passive smoker (40%) Current smoker, exsmoker, nonsmoker

No effects of smoking on odor identification

et al 354

Current smokers had a greater risk for smell impairment (adjusted odds ratio) Therewas a dose-response relationship between increasing number of daily smoked cigarettes and smell impairment Former smoking was not related to smell impairment

SS-ID (12 odors)

2

1312 participants (randomly drawn) within 5-year age

Venne

2008

Cross

mann et al 994

sectional popula tion survey

groups (25 to 75 years), stratified by sex

Murphy et al 114

2002

Population based cross sectional

2

43 to 84 years

SDOIT and related

Current, former, never-smokers

Current vs

(mean age, 69 years) in 1987–1988, residence of Bear Damin 1987–1988, 2800 participants (did not exclude patients with dementia but less likely to participate in olfactory testing) volunteers without otolaryngologic conditions causingOD

olfaction questions

never-smokers had 93% greater odds of OD

“Do you have a

normal sense of smell (compared withother people)?”

CCCRC olfactory test Smokers vs nonsmokers

Smokers averaged

Veyseller et al 995

2014

Case

4

426 healthy

significantly lower CCCRC scores (threshold, odor identification) than nonsmokers

control

(measured or self-reported)

(Continues)