xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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535

PATEL et al.

TABLE VIII.12 Evidence for measurement of cytokine levels in olfaction

Primary end point Comparison of

Study

Year 2013

LOE Study design Study groups

Conclusions

Overall, IL-6 levels in hyposmic patients significantly higher than controls in plasma, saliva, and nasal mucus By etiology: Plasma: all causes of hyposmia with significantly higher concentrations of IL-6 compared with controls Urine: Only congenital hyposmia with reduced concentration of IL-6 compared with controls Saliva: Only head injury and burning mouth syndrome cause of hyposmia with significantly higher concentration of IL-6 compared with controls hyposmia and burning mouth syndrome causes with significantly higher concentrations of IL-6 compared with controls No association between serum CRP, IL-6, and TNF- α levels at baseline and subsequent OD Significant correlations of mucus protein concentration to TDI score CRSsNP Negative correlation: IL-5 Positive correlation: None CRSwNP Negative correlation: IL-5 Positive correlation: IL-6, IL-7, VEGF-A Nasal mucus: Only postinfluenza

Control: 9 patients with normosmia Hyposmia group: 59 patients with hyposmia of varying etiology (not CRS) 12 severe hyposmia 44 moderate hyposmia 3 mild hyposmia

Henkin

4

Observational (cross sectional)

et al 181

plasma, urine, salivary, and nasal mucus concentrations of IL-6 in hyposmics compared with controls

Schubert et al 1266

2015

3

Individual cohort

1611 patients from EHLS

Association of serum

inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6 and TNF- α ) toSDOIT olfactory mucus cytokine concentration to SS-TDI

Schlosser et al 180

CRSsNP: 19 patients CRSwNP: 15 patients

Correlation of

2016

4

Observational (cross sectional)

(Continues)