xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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PATEL et al.

TABLE VII.7a Section evidence summary: Related to environmental or work-related toxins Study Year LOE Study design Study groups

Clinical end point Subjective assessment of sense of smell (good, diminished, none) Phenol smell testing

Conclusions

Workers had 15% anosmia,

Adams

1961

4

Case-control

106 alkaline battery workers exposed to cadmium and nickel dust 84 controls

et al 324

compared with 0% in controls Workers performed more poorly on phenol testing (27.3% vs 4.8%) Anosmia was caused by exposure to cadmium, nickel, or a mixture of both 65% of anosmia was associated with 10 to 19 years of exposure, 53% with 20 to 29 years of exposure, and 91% with 30 to 40 years of exposure 9 of 21 roasters who often worked in the kitchen had dermatitis, depigmentation, septum perforation, hyposmia, anosmia, or peripheral nerve disturbance Tank cleaners had higher absolute odor threshold andnormal perception of strong stimuli but impaired Painters had lower scores, but, in multiple regression analysis, the influence of exposure was not statistically significant The exposure was low, thus an effect for high exposure cannot be ruled out perception of weak stimuli

Potts

1965

4

Cross-sectional

70 alkaline battery workers

Percentage of anosmia

et al 325

Ishinini

1977

4

Descriptive

Retired workers of arsenic mine

et al 350

Ahlstrom et al 339

1986

4

Cross-sectional

20 tank cleaners exposed to petroleum Controls (office

ODT and perceived odor intensity of 4 stimuli

workers and watchmen)

Sandmark et al 340

UPSIT R

1989

4

Cross-sectional

54 painters exposed toorganic solvents 42 unexposed controls

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