xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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INTERNATIONAL CONSENSUS ON OLFACTION

TABLE VII.9 (Continued) Disease Study

Year LOE Study design Study groups

Clinical end point Conclusions

Olfactory deficits: 51.4% in patients with NMO and 40.5% in patients with MS Patients with NMO with OD had OBs larger than patients with MS with OD Discrimination and identification worsened over 3 years Threshold impairment was transient and predicted inflammatory disease activity, while identification and discrimination were associated with disability progression compared with controls Scores on the SDMT, CVLT-II, BVMT, and COWAT were related to olfactory test score Patients with GPA had OD Worsened score

T&T olfactometer, gray matter voxel-based

Li

2018 4

Case-control

37 patients with NMO and 37 patients withMS

et al 429

morphometryand MRI

Bsteh

2017 4

Case-control

128 patients with

SS-TDI

et al 430

relapsing remitting MS and 9 patients with progressiveMS

Carotenuto et al 431

2019 4

Cross-sectional, case-control

55 patients with MS and 20 controls

UPSIT R

GPA

Göktas

2010 4

Case series

9 patients with GPA SS-TDI

et al 432

Laudien et al 433 Fasunla

2009 4

Case series

76 patients with GPA SS-TDI

14 (18.4%) with OD

2012 4

Case-control

16 patients with GPA and 16 controls

SS-TDI

Patients with GPA

et al 434

scored worse than controls

Proft

2014 4

Case-control

44 patients with GPA and 44 controls

SS-TDI

Patients with GPA

et al 435

scored worse in all domains compared with controls, with 75% hyposmia Discriminationn: lower

scores with azathioprin

Zycinska et al 436

2016 4

Case series

43 patients with GPA SS-TDI

74% of patients with

GPA had OD, scoring below normal on TDI andall domains (Continues)