xRead - Olfactory Disorders (September 2023)

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395

PATEL et al.

TABLE VII.10 (Continued) Study Year

LOE Study design

Study groups

Clinical end point

Conclusions The clinical

Patients with IGD NA

Stamou

2018

5

Literature review ofKallman syndrome

et al 465

spectrum of IGD includes a variety of disorders including Kallmann syndrome, ie, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia, withhigh variability in the type and number of genetic mutations that can lead to this andother IGD-related disease states Patients with Turner syndrome show impairment of smell but not of taste, compared with those with other congenital hypogonadisms as well as HCs taking contraception Several endocrine abnormalities may play a role in the development of primary Sjögren syndrome, with abnormal hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis seen in a fifth of patients and hypothyroidism seen in many patients chemosensory perception occurred in the Sjögren syndrome group compared Impairment of

Ros

2012

3

Cohort, controlled 30 patients with

BAST-24 olfactory testing

et al 467

Turner syndrome, 14 age-matched patients with other congenital hypogonadisms, and43 age-matched HCs

Kamel

Following

28 patients with

2009

3

Cohort-matched, prospective, cross-sectional

et al 398

administration of smell and taste testing, and completion of QOL assessment

Sjögren syndrome and 37 matched controls

with age- and sex-matched controls

(Continues)